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Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis
Triacylglycerol (TAG), which is a neutral lipid, has a structure in which three molecules of fatty acid (FA) are ester-bonded to one molecule of glycerol. TAG is important energy source for seed germination and seedling development in plants. Depending on the FA composition of the TAG, it is used as...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9471015/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36119569 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.969844 |
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author | Park, Mid-Eum Kim, Hyun Uk |
author_facet | Park, Mid-Eum Kim, Hyun Uk |
author_sort | Park, Mid-Eum |
collection | PubMed |
description | Triacylglycerol (TAG), which is a neutral lipid, has a structure in which three molecules of fatty acid (FA) are ester-bonded to one molecule of glycerol. TAG is important energy source for seed germination and seedling development in plants. Depending on the FA composition of the TAG, it is used as an edible oil or industrial material for cosmetics, soap, and lubricant. As the demand for plant oil is rising worldwide, either the type of FA must be changed or the total oil content of various plants must be increased. In this review, we discuss the regulation of FA metabolism by Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9, a recent genome-editing technology applicable to various plants. The development of plants with higher levels of oleic acid or lower levels of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in seeds are discussed. In addition, the current status of research on acyltransferases, phospholipases, TAG lipases, and TAG synthesis in vegetative tissues is described. Finally, strategies for the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in lipid metabolism studies are mentioned. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9471015 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94710152022-09-15 Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis Park, Mid-Eum Kim, Hyun Uk Front Plant Sci Plant Science Triacylglycerol (TAG), which is a neutral lipid, has a structure in which three molecules of fatty acid (FA) are ester-bonded to one molecule of glycerol. TAG is important energy source for seed germination and seedling development in plants. Depending on the FA composition of the TAG, it is used as an edible oil or industrial material for cosmetics, soap, and lubricant. As the demand for plant oil is rising worldwide, either the type of FA must be changed or the total oil content of various plants must be increased. In this review, we discuss the regulation of FA metabolism by Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9, a recent genome-editing technology applicable to various plants. The development of plants with higher levels of oleic acid or lower levels of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in seeds are discussed. In addition, the current status of research on acyltransferases, phospholipases, TAG lipases, and TAG synthesis in vegetative tissues is described. Finally, strategies for the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in lipid metabolism studies are mentioned. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9471015/ /pubmed/36119569 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.969844 Text en Copyright © 2022 Park and Kim. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Park, Mid-Eum Kim, Hyun Uk Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
title | Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
title_full | Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
title_fullStr | Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
title_short | Applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
title_sort | applications and prospects of genome editing in plant fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9471015/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36119569 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.969844 |
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