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Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System

Transsynaptic transport is the most accepted proposal to explain the SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS. Nevertheless, emerging evidence shows that neurons do not express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, which highlights the importance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in preventing virus entry to the brai...

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Autores principales: Rodríguez-Morales, Jahir, Guartazaca-Guerrero, Sebastián, Rizo-Téllez, Salma A., Viurcos-Sanabria, Rebeca, Barrón, Eira Valeria, Hernández-Valencia, Aldo F., Nava, Porfirio, Escobedo, Galileo, Carrillo-Ruiz, José Damián, Méndez-García, Lucía A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Sciences 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9471413/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36050226
http://dx.doi.org/10.5607/en21049
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author Rodríguez-Morales, Jahir
Guartazaca-Guerrero, Sebastián
Rizo-Téllez, Salma A.
Viurcos-Sanabria, Rebeca
Barrón, Eira Valeria
Hernández-Valencia, Aldo F.
Nava, Porfirio
Escobedo, Galileo
Carrillo-Ruiz, José Damián
Méndez-García, Lucía A.
author_facet Rodríguez-Morales, Jahir
Guartazaca-Guerrero, Sebastián
Rizo-Téllez, Salma A.
Viurcos-Sanabria, Rebeca
Barrón, Eira Valeria
Hernández-Valencia, Aldo F.
Nava, Porfirio
Escobedo, Galileo
Carrillo-Ruiz, José Damián
Méndez-García, Lucía A.
author_sort Rodríguez-Morales, Jahir
collection PubMed
description Transsynaptic transport is the most accepted proposal to explain the SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS. Nevertheless, emerging evidence shows that neurons do not express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, which highlights the importance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in preventing virus entry to the brain. In this study, we examine the presence of SARS-CoV-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and the cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from two patients with a brain tumor and COVID-19. To determine the BBB damage, we evaluate the Q- albumin index, which is an indirect parameter to assess the permeability of this structure. The Q-albumin index of the patient with an intraventricular brain tumor suggests that the BBB is undamaged, preventing the passage of SARS-CoV-2 and pro-inflammatory molecules. The development of brain tumors that disrupt the BBB (measured by the Q-albumin index), in this case, a petroclival meningioma (Case 1), allows the free passage of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and probably lets the free transit of pro-inflammatory molecules to the CNS, which leads to a possible activation of the microglia (astrogliosis) and an exacerbated immune response represented by IL-13, IFN-γ, and IL-2 trying to inhibit both the infection and the carcinogenic process.
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spelling pubmed-94714132022-09-19 Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System Rodríguez-Morales, Jahir Guartazaca-Guerrero, Sebastián Rizo-Téllez, Salma A. Viurcos-Sanabria, Rebeca Barrón, Eira Valeria Hernández-Valencia, Aldo F. Nava, Porfirio Escobedo, Galileo Carrillo-Ruiz, José Damián Méndez-García, Lucía A. Exp Neurobiol Case Report Transsynaptic transport is the most accepted proposal to explain the SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS. Nevertheless, emerging evidence shows that neurons do not express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, which highlights the importance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in preventing virus entry to the brain. In this study, we examine the presence of SARS-CoV-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and the cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from two patients with a brain tumor and COVID-19. To determine the BBB damage, we evaluate the Q- albumin index, which is an indirect parameter to assess the permeability of this structure. The Q-albumin index of the patient with an intraventricular brain tumor suggests that the BBB is undamaged, preventing the passage of SARS-CoV-2 and pro-inflammatory molecules. The development of brain tumors that disrupt the BBB (measured by the Q-albumin index), in this case, a petroclival meningioma (Case 1), allows the free passage of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and probably lets the free transit of pro-inflammatory molecules to the CNS, which leads to a possible activation of the microglia (astrogliosis) and an exacerbated immune response represented by IL-13, IFN-γ, and IL-2 trying to inhibit both the infection and the carcinogenic process. The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Sciences 2022-08-31 2022-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9471413/ /pubmed/36050226 http://dx.doi.org/10.5607/en21049 Text en Copyright © Experimental Neurobiology 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Case Report
Rodríguez-Morales, Jahir
Guartazaca-Guerrero, Sebastián
Rizo-Téllez, Salma A.
Viurcos-Sanabria, Rebeca
Barrón, Eira Valeria
Hernández-Valencia, Aldo F.
Nava, Porfirio
Escobedo, Galileo
Carrillo-Ruiz, José Damián
Méndez-García, Lucía A.
Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
title Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
title_full Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
title_fullStr Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
title_full_unstemmed Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
title_short Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
title_sort blood-brain barrier damage is pivotal for sars-cov-2 infection to the central nervous system
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9471413/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36050226
http://dx.doi.org/10.5607/en21049
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