Cargando…

How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions

The understanding of the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders has made significant advances in the last decade and some scientific findings can now be translated into clinical practice. The rise of genetic testing and the awareness of patients and their families motivate psychiatrists to ex...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chaumette, B., Laurent-Levinson, C., Almos, P., Degenhardt, F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9471788/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.156
_version_ 1784789157877383168
author Chaumette, B.
Laurent-Levinson, C.
Almos, P.
Degenhardt, F.
author_facet Chaumette, B.
Laurent-Levinson, C.
Almos, P.
Degenhardt, F.
author_sort Chaumette, B.
collection PubMed
description The understanding of the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders has made significant advances in the last decade and some scientific findings can now be translated into clinical practice. The rise of genetic testing and the awareness of patients and their families motivate psychiatrists to examine this approach. The COST Action EnGagE (CA17130) is promoting these developments in Europe. Whereas the findings of common variants are the domain of research, screening for rare variants at the genome-wide level is already applicable in clinical practice. It is now possible to return meaningful results to the individual to help him/her understanding the disease and the comorbidities, to guide treatment and to perform genetic counseling. In this presentation, we will give meaningful examples for psychiatric practice. For instance, around one-third of the patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder can benefit from a molecular diagnosis (fragile X syndrome, SHANK3 deletion…). Microdeletion or microduplication may explain a fraction of schizophrenic cases (e.g. del22q11). Identification of rare variants causing the disease may decrease the stigma and feeling of guilt often reported by patients and families. This could also help to detect and manage other comorbidities. It is expected that treatment guidelines and clinical trials would be developed in the near future for patients carrying a rare variant, opening the way to personalized psychiatry. Finally, this effort has a huge impact on the family, by enhancing genetic counseling in psychiatry. The rise of psychiatric genetics might align our field more closely with the other medical specialties. DISCLOSURE: No significant relationships.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9471788
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Cambridge University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-94717882022-09-29 How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions Chaumette, B. Laurent-Levinson, C. Almos, P. Degenhardt, F. Eur Psychiatry Abstract The understanding of the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders has made significant advances in the last decade and some scientific findings can now be translated into clinical practice. The rise of genetic testing and the awareness of patients and their families motivate psychiatrists to examine this approach. The COST Action EnGagE (CA17130) is promoting these developments in Europe. Whereas the findings of common variants are the domain of research, screening for rare variants at the genome-wide level is already applicable in clinical practice. It is now possible to return meaningful results to the individual to help him/her understanding the disease and the comorbidities, to guide treatment and to perform genetic counseling. In this presentation, we will give meaningful examples for psychiatric practice. For instance, around one-third of the patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder can benefit from a molecular diagnosis (fragile X syndrome, SHANK3 deletion…). Microdeletion or microduplication may explain a fraction of schizophrenic cases (e.g. del22q11). Identification of rare variants causing the disease may decrease the stigma and feeling of guilt often reported by patients and families. This could also help to detect and manage other comorbidities. It is expected that treatment guidelines and clinical trials would be developed in the near future for patients carrying a rare variant, opening the way to personalized psychiatry. Finally, this effort has a huge impact on the family, by enhancing genetic counseling in psychiatry. The rise of psychiatric genetics might align our field more closely with the other medical specialties. DISCLOSURE: No significant relationships. Cambridge University Press 2021-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9471788/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.156 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Abstract
Chaumette, B.
Laurent-Levinson, C.
Almos, P.
Degenhardt, F.
How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
title How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
title_full How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
title_fullStr How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
title_full_unstemmed How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
title_short How genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
title_sort how genetics can help diagnosis and treatment in psychiatric conditions
topic Abstract
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9471788/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.156
work_keys_str_mv AT chaumetteb howgeneticscanhelpdiagnosisandtreatmentinpsychiatricconditions
AT laurentlevinsonc howgeneticscanhelpdiagnosisandtreatmentinpsychiatricconditions
AT almosp howgeneticscanhelpdiagnosisandtreatmentinpsychiatricconditions
AT degenhardtf howgeneticscanhelpdiagnosisandtreatmentinpsychiatricconditions