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Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus)
BACKGROUND: Sarcoptes scabiei is globally distributed and one of the most impactful mammalian ectoparasites. Sarcoptic mange, caused by infection with S. scabiei, causes disruption of the epidermis and its bacterial microbiota, but its effects on host fungal microbiota and on the microbiota of marsu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9472346/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36100860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y |
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author | Næsborg-Nielsen, Christina Eisenhofer, Raphael Fraser, Tamieka A. Wilkinson, Vicky Burridge, Christopher P. Carver, Scott |
author_facet | Næsborg-Nielsen, Christina Eisenhofer, Raphael Fraser, Tamieka A. Wilkinson, Vicky Burridge, Christopher P. Carver, Scott |
author_sort | Næsborg-Nielsen, Christina |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Sarcoptes scabiei is globally distributed and one of the most impactful mammalian ectoparasites. Sarcoptic mange, caused by infection with S. scabiei, causes disruption of the epidermis and its bacterial microbiota, but its effects on host fungal microbiota and on the microbiota of marsupials in general have not been studied. Here, we (i) examine bacterial and fungal microbiota changes associated with mange in wild bare-nosed wombats (BNWs) and (ii) evaluate whether opportunistic pathogens are potentiated by S. scabiei infection in this species. METHODS: Using Amplicon Sequencing of the 16S rRNA and ITS2 rDNA genes, we detected skin microbiota changes of the bare-nosed wombat (Vombatus ursinus). We compared the alpha and beta diversity among healthy, moderate, and severe disease states using ANOVA and PERMANOVA with nesting. Lastly, we identified taxa that differed between disease states using analysis of composition of microbes (ANCOM) testing. RESULTS: We detected significant changes in the microbial communities and diversity with mange in BNWs. Severely affected BNWs had lower amplicon sequence variant (ASV) richness compared to that of healthy individuals, and the microbial communities were significantly different between disease states with higher relative abundance of potentially pathogenic microbial taxa in mange-affected BNWs including Staphylococcus sciuri, Corynebacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp., Brachybacterium spp., and Pseudogymnascus spp. and Debaryomyces spp. CONCLUSION: This study represents the first investigation of microbial changes in association with sarcoptic mange in a marsupial host, as well as the first investigation of fungal microbial changes on the skin of any host suffering from sarcoptic mange. Our results are broadly consistent with bacterial microbiota changes observed in humans, pigs, canids, and Iberian ibex, suggesting the epidermal microbial impacts of mange may be generalisable across host species. We recommend that future studies investigating skin microbiota changes include both bacterial and fungal data to gain a more complete picture of the effects of sarcoptic mange. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9472346 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94723462022-09-15 Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) Næsborg-Nielsen, Christina Eisenhofer, Raphael Fraser, Tamieka A. Wilkinson, Vicky Burridge, Christopher P. Carver, Scott Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Sarcoptes scabiei is globally distributed and one of the most impactful mammalian ectoparasites. Sarcoptic mange, caused by infection with S. scabiei, causes disruption of the epidermis and its bacterial microbiota, but its effects on host fungal microbiota and on the microbiota of marsupials in general have not been studied. Here, we (i) examine bacterial and fungal microbiota changes associated with mange in wild bare-nosed wombats (BNWs) and (ii) evaluate whether opportunistic pathogens are potentiated by S. scabiei infection in this species. METHODS: Using Amplicon Sequencing of the 16S rRNA and ITS2 rDNA genes, we detected skin microbiota changes of the bare-nosed wombat (Vombatus ursinus). We compared the alpha and beta diversity among healthy, moderate, and severe disease states using ANOVA and PERMANOVA with nesting. Lastly, we identified taxa that differed between disease states using analysis of composition of microbes (ANCOM) testing. RESULTS: We detected significant changes in the microbial communities and diversity with mange in BNWs. Severely affected BNWs had lower amplicon sequence variant (ASV) richness compared to that of healthy individuals, and the microbial communities were significantly different between disease states with higher relative abundance of potentially pathogenic microbial taxa in mange-affected BNWs including Staphylococcus sciuri, Corynebacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp., Brachybacterium spp., and Pseudogymnascus spp. and Debaryomyces spp. CONCLUSION: This study represents the first investigation of microbial changes in association with sarcoptic mange in a marsupial host, as well as the first investigation of fungal microbial changes on the skin of any host suffering from sarcoptic mange. Our results are broadly consistent with bacterial microbiota changes observed in humans, pigs, canids, and Iberian ibex, suggesting the epidermal microbial impacts of mange may be generalisable across host species. We recommend that future studies investigating skin microbiota changes include both bacterial and fungal data to gain a more complete picture of the effects of sarcoptic mange. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y. BioMed Central 2022-09-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9472346/ /pubmed/36100860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Næsborg-Nielsen, Christina Eisenhofer, Raphael Fraser, Tamieka A. Wilkinson, Vicky Burridge, Christopher P. Carver, Scott Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) |
title | Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) |
title_full | Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) |
title_fullStr | Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) |
title_full_unstemmed | Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) |
title_short | Sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) |
title_sort | sarcoptic mange changes bacterial and fungal microbiota of bare-nosed wombats (vombatus ursinus) |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9472346/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36100860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05452-y |
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