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Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the psychosocial functioning of children and families. It is important to consider adversity in relation to processes of positive adaptation. To date, there are no empirically validated multi-item scales measuring COVID-related positive adaptation within...

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Autores principales: Shoychet, Gillian, Browne, Dillon T., Wade, Mark, Prime, Heather
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9476998/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36118478
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886504
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author Shoychet, Gillian
Browne, Dillon T.
Wade, Mark
Prime, Heather
author_facet Shoychet, Gillian
Browne, Dillon T.
Wade, Mark
Prime, Heather
author_sort Shoychet, Gillian
collection PubMed
description The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the psychosocial functioning of children and families. It is important to consider adversity in relation to processes of positive adaptation. To date, there are no empirically validated multi-item scales measuring COVID-related positive adaptation within families. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a new measure: the Family Positive Adaptation during COVID-19 Scale (Family PACS). The sample included 372 female and 158 male caregivers (73% White-European/North American; median 2019 income = $50,000 to $74,999 USD) of children ages 5–18 years old from the United Kingdom (76%), the United States (19%), Canada (4%), and Australia (1%), who completed measures in May 2020. Participants responded to a 14-item survey indexing a range of perceived coping and adaptation behaviors at the beginning of the pandemic. An exploratory factor analysis yielded an optimal one-factor solution comprised of seven items related to family cohesion, flexibility, routines, and meaning-making (loadings from 0.44 to 0.67). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated measurement invariance across female and male caregivers, demonstrating that the factor structure, loadings, and thresholds did not vary by caregiver sex. There was evidence for concurrent validity with significant bivariate correlations between the Family PACS scores and measures of caregiver positive coping, parenting practices, couple satisfaction, and family functioning (correlations from 0.10 to 0.23), but not negatively-valenced constructs. Findings inform our conceptualization of how families have adapted to adverse pandemic-related conditions. Further, we provide preliminary support for the Family PACS as a practical tool for evaluating positive family adaptation during this global crisis, with implications for future widespread crises.
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spelling pubmed-94769982022-09-16 Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale Shoychet, Gillian Browne, Dillon T. Wade, Mark Prime, Heather Front Psychol Psychology The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the psychosocial functioning of children and families. It is important to consider adversity in relation to processes of positive adaptation. To date, there are no empirically validated multi-item scales measuring COVID-related positive adaptation within families. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a new measure: the Family Positive Adaptation during COVID-19 Scale (Family PACS). The sample included 372 female and 158 male caregivers (73% White-European/North American; median 2019 income = $50,000 to $74,999 USD) of children ages 5–18 years old from the United Kingdom (76%), the United States (19%), Canada (4%), and Australia (1%), who completed measures in May 2020. Participants responded to a 14-item survey indexing a range of perceived coping and adaptation behaviors at the beginning of the pandemic. An exploratory factor analysis yielded an optimal one-factor solution comprised of seven items related to family cohesion, flexibility, routines, and meaning-making (loadings from 0.44 to 0.67). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated measurement invariance across female and male caregivers, demonstrating that the factor structure, loadings, and thresholds did not vary by caregiver sex. There was evidence for concurrent validity with significant bivariate correlations between the Family PACS scores and measures of caregiver positive coping, parenting practices, couple satisfaction, and family functioning (correlations from 0.10 to 0.23), but not negatively-valenced constructs. Findings inform our conceptualization of how families have adapted to adverse pandemic-related conditions. Further, we provide preliminary support for the Family PACS as a practical tool for evaluating positive family adaptation during this global crisis, with implications for future widespread crises. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9476998/ /pubmed/36118478 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886504 Text en Copyright © 2022 Shoychet, Browne, Wade and Prime. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Shoychet, Gillian
Browne, Dillon T.
Wade, Mark
Prime, Heather
Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale
title Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale
title_full Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale
title_fullStr Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale
title_full_unstemmed Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale
title_short Assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: The development and validation of the family positive adaptation during COVID-19 scale
title_sort assessing positive adaptation during a global crisis: the development and validation of the family positive adaptation during covid-19 scale
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9476998/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36118478
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886504
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