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Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation and destruction of small and medium-sized blood vessels. Clinical disease phenotypes include microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and eosinop...

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Autores principales: Zhao, Wen-Man, Wang, Zhi-Juan, Shi, Rui, Zhu, Yu-Yu, Zhang, Sen, Wang, Rui-Feng, Wang, De-Guang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9479327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36119110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.991256
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author Zhao, Wen-Man
Wang, Zhi-Juan
Shi, Rui
Zhu, Yu-Yu
Zhang, Sen
Wang, Rui-Feng
Wang, De-Guang
author_facet Zhao, Wen-Man
Wang, Zhi-Juan
Shi, Rui
Zhu, Yu-Yu
Zhang, Sen
Wang, Rui-Feng
Wang, De-Guang
author_sort Zhao, Wen-Man
collection PubMed
description Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation and destruction of small and medium-sized blood vessels. Clinical disease phenotypes include microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The incidence of AAV has been on the rise in recent years with advances in ANCA testing. The etiology and pathogenesis of AAV are multifactorial and influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, as well as innate and adaptive immune system responses. Multiple case reports have shown that sustained exposure to silica in an occupational environment resulted in a significantly increased risk of ANCA positivity. A meta-analysis involving six case-control studies showed that silica exposure was positively associated with AAV incidence. Additionally, exposure to air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), is a risk factor for AAV. AAV has seasonal trends. Studies have shown that various environmental factors stimulate the body to activate neutrophils and expose their own antigens, resulting in the release of proteases and neutrophil extracellular traps, which damage vascular endothelial cells. Additionally, the activation of complement replacement pathways may exacerbate vascular inflammation. However, the role of environmental factors in the etiology of AAV remains unclear and has received little attention. In this review, we summarized the recent literature on the study of environmental factors, such as seasons, air pollution, latitude, silica, and microbial infection, in AAV with the aim of exploring the relationship between environmental factors and AAV and possible mechanisms of action to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of AAV.
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spelling pubmed-94793272022-09-17 Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis Zhao, Wen-Man Wang, Zhi-Juan Shi, Rui Zhu, Yu-Yu Zhang, Sen Wang, Rui-Feng Wang, De-Guang Front Immunol Immunology Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation and destruction of small and medium-sized blood vessels. Clinical disease phenotypes include microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The incidence of AAV has been on the rise in recent years with advances in ANCA testing. The etiology and pathogenesis of AAV are multifactorial and influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, as well as innate and adaptive immune system responses. Multiple case reports have shown that sustained exposure to silica in an occupational environment resulted in a significantly increased risk of ANCA positivity. A meta-analysis involving six case-control studies showed that silica exposure was positively associated with AAV incidence. Additionally, exposure to air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), is a risk factor for AAV. AAV has seasonal trends. Studies have shown that various environmental factors stimulate the body to activate neutrophils and expose their own antigens, resulting in the release of proteases and neutrophil extracellular traps, which damage vascular endothelial cells. Additionally, the activation of complement replacement pathways may exacerbate vascular inflammation. However, the role of environmental factors in the etiology of AAV remains unclear and has received little attention. In this review, we summarized the recent literature on the study of environmental factors, such as seasons, air pollution, latitude, silica, and microbial infection, in AAV with the aim of exploring the relationship between environmental factors and AAV and possible mechanisms of action to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of AAV. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9479327/ /pubmed/36119110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.991256 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zhao, Wang, Shi, Zhu, Zhang, Wang and Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Zhao, Wen-Man
Wang, Zhi-Juan
Shi, Rui
Zhu, Yu-Yu
Zhang, Sen
Wang, Rui-Feng
Wang, De-Guang
Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis
title Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis
title_full Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis
title_fullStr Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis
title_full_unstemmed Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis
title_short Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis
title_sort environmental factors influencing the risk of anca-associated vasculitis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9479327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36119110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.991256
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