Prevalence and pattern of ocular disorders due to chronic exposure to arc welding among occupational welders in Western Rajasthan

BACKGROUND: Arc welders have a higher prevalence of ocular disorders than the general population. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of ocular disorders due to chronic exposure to arc welding in occupational welders. METHODS: Ninety welders and ninety nonwelders took part in this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic information was obtained in the community, and a detailed ophthalmic examination was done in tertiary care hospitals. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the welders was 33.13 (11.57) years, whereas the mean age (SD) of controls was 33.13 (10.57) years (P = 0.901). The majority (93.33%) of welders had at least one ocular manifestation, which was higher than the nonwelders, i.e., 26.67% (P < 0.01). Among welders, the most common conjunctival manifestation was congestion (36.11%). The prevalence of phototoxic maculopathy was found at 56.67% among welders and 7.78% among nonwelders (P < 0.01). All the welders used to wear only goggles as protective equipment. Prevalence of maculopathy was found to be lower among strictly adherent welders than occasional users. None of the sociodemographic variables was found associated with strict usage of goggles among welders. CONCLUSION: Chronic exposure to arc welding is associated with increased ocular disorders including phototoxic maculopathy. Policies regarding personal protective equipment usage and safety at workplaces should be implemented rigorously, even in small-scale, unorganized sectors.