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Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels

Anaemia control programmes in India are hampered by a lack of representative evidence on anaemia prevalence, burden and associated factors for adolescents. The aim of this study was to: (1) describe the national and subnational prevalence, severity and burden of anaemia among Indian adolescents; (2)...

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Autores principales: Scott, Samuel, Lahiri, Anwesha, Sethi, Vani, de Wagt, Arjan, Menon, Purnima, Yadav, Kapil, Varghese, Mini, Joe, William, Vir, Sheila C., Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35719126
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13391
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author Scott, Samuel
Lahiri, Anwesha
Sethi, Vani
de Wagt, Arjan
Menon, Purnima
Yadav, Kapil
Varghese, Mini
Joe, William
Vir, Sheila C.
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
author_facet Scott, Samuel
Lahiri, Anwesha
Sethi, Vani
de Wagt, Arjan
Menon, Purnima
Yadav, Kapil
Varghese, Mini
Joe, William
Vir, Sheila C.
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
author_sort Scott, Samuel
collection PubMed
description Anaemia control programmes in India are hampered by a lack of representative evidence on anaemia prevalence, burden and associated factors for adolescents. The aim of this study was to: (1) describe the national and subnational prevalence, severity and burden of anaemia among Indian adolescents; (2) examine factors associated with anaemia at national and regional levels. Data (n = 14,673 individuals aged 10–19 years) were from India's Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016–2018). CNNS used a multistage, stratified, probability proportion to size cluster sampling design. Prevalence was estimated using globally comparable age‐ and sex‐specific cutoffs, using survey weights for biomarker sample collection. Burden analysis used prevalence estimates and projected population from 2011 Census data. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse factors (diet, micronutrient deficiencies, haemoglobinopathies, sociodemographic factors, environment) associated with anaemia. Anaemia was present in 40% of girls and 18% of boys, equivalent to 72 million adolescents in 2018, and varied by region (girls 29%–46%; boys 11%–28%) and state (girls 7%–62%; boys 4%–32%). Iron deficiency (ferritin < 15 μg/L) was the strongest predictor of anaemia (odds ratio [OR]: 4.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [3.21,6.83]), followed by haemoglobinopathies (HbA2 > 3.5% or any HbS) (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: [1.66,4.74]), vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol <20 ng/ml) (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: [1.23,2.80]) and zinc deficiency (serum zinc < 70 μg/L) (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: [1.02,1.72]). Regional models show heterogeneity in the strength of association between factors and anaemia by region. Adolescent anaemia control programmes in India should continue to address iron deficiency, strengthen strategies to identify haemoglobinopathies and other micronutrient deficiencies, and further explore geographic variation in associated factors.
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spelling pubmed-94808972022-09-28 Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels Scott, Samuel Lahiri, Anwesha Sethi, Vani de Wagt, Arjan Menon, Purnima Yadav, Kapil Varghese, Mini Joe, William Vir, Sheila C. Nguyen, Phuong Hong Matern Child Nutr Original Articles Anaemia control programmes in India are hampered by a lack of representative evidence on anaemia prevalence, burden and associated factors for adolescents. The aim of this study was to: (1) describe the national and subnational prevalence, severity and burden of anaemia among Indian adolescents; (2) examine factors associated with anaemia at national and regional levels. Data (n = 14,673 individuals aged 10–19 years) were from India's Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016–2018). CNNS used a multistage, stratified, probability proportion to size cluster sampling design. Prevalence was estimated using globally comparable age‐ and sex‐specific cutoffs, using survey weights for biomarker sample collection. Burden analysis used prevalence estimates and projected population from 2011 Census data. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse factors (diet, micronutrient deficiencies, haemoglobinopathies, sociodemographic factors, environment) associated with anaemia. Anaemia was present in 40% of girls and 18% of boys, equivalent to 72 million adolescents in 2018, and varied by region (girls 29%–46%; boys 11%–28%) and state (girls 7%–62%; boys 4%–32%). Iron deficiency (ferritin < 15 μg/L) was the strongest predictor of anaemia (odds ratio [OR]: 4.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [3.21,6.83]), followed by haemoglobinopathies (HbA2 > 3.5% or any HbS) (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: [1.66,4.74]), vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol <20 ng/ml) (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: [1.23,2.80]) and zinc deficiency (serum zinc < 70 μg/L) (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: [1.02,1.72]). Regional models show heterogeneity in the strength of association between factors and anaemia by region. Adolescent anaemia control programmes in India should continue to address iron deficiency, strengthen strategies to identify haemoglobinopathies and other micronutrient deficiencies, and further explore geographic variation in associated factors. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9480897/ /pubmed/35719126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13391 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Scott, Samuel
Lahiri, Anwesha
Sethi, Vani
de Wagt, Arjan
Menon, Purnima
Yadav, Kapil
Varghese, Mini
Joe, William
Vir, Sheila C.
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
title Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
title_full Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
title_fullStr Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
title_full_unstemmed Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
title_short Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
title_sort anaemia in indians aged 10–19 years: prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35719126
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13391
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