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Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels
Anaemia control programmes in India are hampered by a lack of representative evidence on anaemia prevalence, burden and associated factors for adolescents. The aim of this study was to: (1) describe the national and subnational prevalence, severity and burden of anaemia among Indian adolescents; (2)...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480897/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35719126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13391 |
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author | Scott, Samuel Lahiri, Anwesha Sethi, Vani de Wagt, Arjan Menon, Purnima Yadav, Kapil Varghese, Mini Joe, William Vir, Sheila C. Nguyen, Phuong Hong |
author_facet | Scott, Samuel Lahiri, Anwesha Sethi, Vani de Wagt, Arjan Menon, Purnima Yadav, Kapil Varghese, Mini Joe, William Vir, Sheila C. Nguyen, Phuong Hong |
author_sort | Scott, Samuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Anaemia control programmes in India are hampered by a lack of representative evidence on anaemia prevalence, burden and associated factors for adolescents. The aim of this study was to: (1) describe the national and subnational prevalence, severity and burden of anaemia among Indian adolescents; (2) examine factors associated with anaemia at national and regional levels. Data (n = 14,673 individuals aged 10–19 years) were from India's Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016–2018). CNNS used a multistage, stratified, probability proportion to size cluster sampling design. Prevalence was estimated using globally comparable age‐ and sex‐specific cutoffs, using survey weights for biomarker sample collection. Burden analysis used prevalence estimates and projected population from 2011 Census data. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse factors (diet, micronutrient deficiencies, haemoglobinopathies, sociodemographic factors, environment) associated with anaemia. Anaemia was present in 40% of girls and 18% of boys, equivalent to 72 million adolescents in 2018, and varied by region (girls 29%–46%; boys 11%–28%) and state (girls 7%–62%; boys 4%–32%). Iron deficiency (ferritin < 15 μg/L) was the strongest predictor of anaemia (odds ratio [OR]: 4.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [3.21,6.83]), followed by haemoglobinopathies (HbA2 > 3.5% or any HbS) (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: [1.66,4.74]), vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol <20 ng/ml) (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: [1.23,2.80]) and zinc deficiency (serum zinc < 70 μg/L) (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: [1.02,1.72]). Regional models show heterogeneity in the strength of association between factors and anaemia by region. Adolescent anaemia control programmes in India should continue to address iron deficiency, strengthen strategies to identify haemoglobinopathies and other micronutrient deficiencies, and further explore geographic variation in associated factors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9480897 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94808972022-09-28 Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels Scott, Samuel Lahiri, Anwesha Sethi, Vani de Wagt, Arjan Menon, Purnima Yadav, Kapil Varghese, Mini Joe, William Vir, Sheila C. Nguyen, Phuong Hong Matern Child Nutr Original Articles Anaemia control programmes in India are hampered by a lack of representative evidence on anaemia prevalence, burden and associated factors for adolescents. The aim of this study was to: (1) describe the national and subnational prevalence, severity and burden of anaemia among Indian adolescents; (2) examine factors associated with anaemia at national and regional levels. Data (n = 14,673 individuals aged 10–19 years) were from India's Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016–2018). CNNS used a multistage, stratified, probability proportion to size cluster sampling design. Prevalence was estimated using globally comparable age‐ and sex‐specific cutoffs, using survey weights for biomarker sample collection. Burden analysis used prevalence estimates and projected population from 2011 Census data. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse factors (diet, micronutrient deficiencies, haemoglobinopathies, sociodemographic factors, environment) associated with anaemia. Anaemia was present in 40% of girls and 18% of boys, equivalent to 72 million adolescents in 2018, and varied by region (girls 29%–46%; boys 11%–28%) and state (girls 7%–62%; boys 4%–32%). Iron deficiency (ferritin < 15 μg/L) was the strongest predictor of anaemia (odds ratio [OR]: 4.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [3.21,6.83]), followed by haemoglobinopathies (HbA2 > 3.5% or any HbS) (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: [1.66,4.74]), vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol <20 ng/ml) (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: [1.23,2.80]) and zinc deficiency (serum zinc < 70 μg/L) (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: [1.02,1.72]). Regional models show heterogeneity in the strength of association between factors and anaemia by region. Adolescent anaemia control programmes in India should continue to address iron deficiency, strengthen strategies to identify haemoglobinopathies and other micronutrient deficiencies, and further explore geographic variation in associated factors. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9480897/ /pubmed/35719126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13391 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Scott, Samuel Lahiri, Anwesha Sethi, Vani de Wagt, Arjan Menon, Purnima Yadav, Kapil Varghese, Mini Joe, William Vir, Sheila C. Nguyen, Phuong Hong Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
title | Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
title_full | Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
title_fullStr | Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
title_full_unstemmed | Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
title_short | Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
title_sort | anaemia in indians aged 10–19 years: prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480897/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35719126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13391 |
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