Perceived Community Participation and Associated Factors in People With Stroke

OBJECTIVE: To examine individual- and environmental-level factors associated with perceived participation performance and satisfaction in people with chronic stroke. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using secondary data analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Community-based setting. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults with mild to moderate stroke (N=113; mean age=57 years; 58 males). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcomes were measured with the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (perceived participation performance) and Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Information System satisfaction with participation in social roles (perceived participation satisfaction). Other variables collected included personal (eg, age, perceived recovery), health-related (eg, time since stroke, number of comorbidities), body function–related (eg, Stroke Impact Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), and environmental (eg, World Health Organization Quality of Life Short Form Environmental subscale) data. RESULTS: Depression, fatigue, mobility, and environmental support showed moderate to strong, statistically significant associations with participation performance and satisfaction in people with stroke. Perceived recovery was moderately associated with participation performance but not with participation satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Returning to participation is a complex process after stroke. Results suggest that various personal, body function–related, and environmental factors are associated with participation performance and satisfaction.