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Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene

Combinations of correlated floral traits have arisen repeatedly across angiosperms through convergent evolution in response to pollinator selection to optimize reproduction. While some plant groups exhibit very distinct combinations of traits adapted to specific pollinators (so-called pollination sy...

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Autores principales: Berardi, Andrea E., Betancourt Morejón, Ana C., Hopkins, Robin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9485837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36147235
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.945806
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author Berardi, Andrea E.
Betancourt Morejón, Ana C.
Hopkins, Robin
author_facet Berardi, Andrea E.
Betancourt Morejón, Ana C.
Hopkins, Robin
author_sort Berardi, Andrea E.
collection PubMed
description Combinations of correlated floral traits have arisen repeatedly across angiosperms through convergent evolution in response to pollinator selection to optimize reproduction. While some plant groups exhibit very distinct combinations of traits adapted to specific pollinators (so-called pollination syndromes), others do not. Determining how floral traits diverge across clades and whether floral traits show predictable correlations in diverse groups of flowering plants is key to determining the extent to which pollinator-mediated selection drives diversification. The North American Silene section Physolychnis is an ideal group to investigate patterns of floral evolution because it is characterized by the evolution of novel red floral color, extensive floral morphological variation, polyploidy, and exposure to a novel group of pollinators (hummingbirds). We test for correlated patterns of trait evolution that would be consistent with convergent responses to selection in the key floral traits of color and morphology. We also consider both the role of phylogenic distance and geographic overlap in explaining patterns of floral trait variation. Inconsistent with phenotypically divergent pollination syndromes, we find very little clustering of North American Silene into distinct floral morphospace. We also find little evidence that phylogenetic history or geographic overlap explains patterns of floral diversity in this group. White- and pink-flowering species show extensive phenotypic diversity but are entirely overlapping in morphological variation. However, red-flowering species have much less phenotypic disparity and cluster tightly in floral morphospace. We find that red-flowering species have evolved floral traits that align with a traditional hummingbird syndrome, but that these trait values overlap with several white and pink species as well. Our findings support the hypothesis that convergent evolution does not always proceed through comparative phenotypic divergence, but possibly through sorting of standing ancestral variation.
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spelling pubmed-94858372022-09-21 Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene Berardi, Andrea E. Betancourt Morejón, Ana C. Hopkins, Robin Front Plant Sci Plant Science Combinations of correlated floral traits have arisen repeatedly across angiosperms through convergent evolution in response to pollinator selection to optimize reproduction. While some plant groups exhibit very distinct combinations of traits adapted to specific pollinators (so-called pollination syndromes), others do not. Determining how floral traits diverge across clades and whether floral traits show predictable correlations in diverse groups of flowering plants is key to determining the extent to which pollinator-mediated selection drives diversification. The North American Silene section Physolychnis is an ideal group to investigate patterns of floral evolution because it is characterized by the evolution of novel red floral color, extensive floral morphological variation, polyploidy, and exposure to a novel group of pollinators (hummingbirds). We test for correlated patterns of trait evolution that would be consistent with convergent responses to selection in the key floral traits of color and morphology. We also consider both the role of phylogenic distance and geographic overlap in explaining patterns of floral trait variation. Inconsistent with phenotypically divergent pollination syndromes, we find very little clustering of North American Silene into distinct floral morphospace. We also find little evidence that phylogenetic history or geographic overlap explains patterns of floral diversity in this group. White- and pink-flowering species show extensive phenotypic diversity but are entirely overlapping in morphological variation. However, red-flowering species have much less phenotypic disparity and cluster tightly in floral morphospace. We find that red-flowering species have evolved floral traits that align with a traditional hummingbird syndrome, but that these trait values overlap with several white and pink species as well. Our findings support the hypothesis that convergent evolution does not always proceed through comparative phenotypic divergence, but possibly through sorting of standing ancestral variation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9485837/ /pubmed/36147235 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.945806 Text en Copyright © 2022 Berardi, Betancourt Morejón and Hopkins. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Berardi, Andrea E.
Betancourt Morejón, Ana C.
Hopkins, Robin
Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene
title Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene
title_full Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene
title_fullStr Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene
title_full_unstemmed Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene
title_short Convergence without divergence in North American red-flowering Silene
title_sort convergence without divergence in north american red-flowering silene
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9485837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36147235
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.945806
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