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Ketone bodies and the heart
Ketone bodies are low chain organic substances with four carbon atoms, with β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone being the main ketone bodies in blood circulation. Under physiological conditions their levels are low while during conditions of oxidative stress, such as exercise, fasting state and acute...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Termedia Publishing House
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9487827/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36161216 http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.112475 |
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author | Papazafiropoulou, Athanasia K. Georgopoulos, Maximos M. Katsilambros, Nikolaos L. |
author_facet | Papazafiropoulou, Athanasia K. Georgopoulos, Maximos M. Katsilambros, Nikolaos L. |
author_sort | Papazafiropoulou, Athanasia K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ketone bodies are low chain organic substances with four carbon atoms, with β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone being the main ketone bodies in blood circulation. Under physiological conditions their levels are low while during conditions of oxidative stress, such as exercise, fasting state and acute illness, ketone body levels are increased. Recent findings have shown that in patients with heart failure their plasma concentration is increased. There is a positive correlation between increased energy metabolism of myocardial cells and the levels of β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that the mild ketosis caused by sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors is one of the possible pathogenetic mechanisms explaining the significant cardiovascular and renal benefits observed in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with these agents. The aim of the present review is to summarize the role of ketone bodies in both normal and pathological conditions, such as heart failure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9487827 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Termedia Publishing House |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94878272022-09-22 Ketone bodies and the heart Papazafiropoulou, Athanasia K. Georgopoulos, Maximos M. Katsilambros, Nikolaos L. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis State of the Art Paper Ketone bodies are low chain organic substances with four carbon atoms, with β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone being the main ketone bodies in blood circulation. Under physiological conditions their levels are low while during conditions of oxidative stress, such as exercise, fasting state and acute illness, ketone body levels are increased. Recent findings have shown that in patients with heart failure their plasma concentration is increased. There is a positive correlation between increased energy metabolism of myocardial cells and the levels of β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that the mild ketosis caused by sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors is one of the possible pathogenetic mechanisms explaining the significant cardiovascular and renal benefits observed in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with these agents. The aim of the present review is to summarize the role of ketone bodies in both normal and pathological conditions, such as heart failure. Termedia Publishing House 2021-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9487827/ /pubmed/36161216 http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.112475 Text en Copyright: © 2021 Termedia & Banach https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license. |
spellingShingle | State of the Art Paper Papazafiropoulou, Athanasia K. Georgopoulos, Maximos M. Katsilambros, Nikolaos L. Ketone bodies and the heart |
title | Ketone bodies and the heart |
title_full | Ketone bodies and the heart |
title_fullStr | Ketone bodies and the heart |
title_full_unstemmed | Ketone bodies and the heart |
title_short | Ketone bodies and the heart |
title_sort | ketone bodies and the heart |
topic | State of the Art Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9487827/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36161216 http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.112475 |
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