Cargando…
Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy
Neutrophilic inflammation has a key role in the pathophysiology of multiple chronic lung diseases. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has emerged as a key mechanism of disease in neutrophilic lung diseases including asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis and, most recently, bronchiectasis...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
European Respiratory Society
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9488971/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35197267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0241-2021 |
_version_ | 1784792780418056192 |
---|---|
author | Keir, Holly R. Chalmers, James D. |
author_facet | Keir, Holly R. Chalmers, James D. |
author_sort | Keir, Holly R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neutrophilic inflammation has a key role in the pathophysiology of multiple chronic lung diseases. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has emerged as a key mechanism of disease in neutrophilic lung diseases including asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis and, most recently, bronchiectasis. NETs are large, web-like structures composed of DNA and anti-microbial proteins that are able to bind pathogens, prevent microbial dissemination and degrade bacterial virulence factors. The release of excess concentrations of proteases, antimicrobial proteins, DNA and histones, however, also leads to tissue damage, impaired mucociliary clearance, impaired bacterial killing and increased inflammation. A number of studies have linked airway NET formation with greater disease severity, increased exacerbations and overall worse disease outcomes across the spectrum of airway diseases. Treating neutrophilic inflammation has been challenging in chronic lung disease because of the delicate balance between reducing inflammation and increasing the risk of infections through immunosuppression. Novel approaches to suppressing NET formation or the associated inflammation are in development and represent an important therapeutic target. This review will discuss the relationship between NETs and the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis, asthma, COPD and bronchiectasis, and explore the current and future development of NET-targeting therapies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9488971 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | European Respiratory Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94889712022-11-14 Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy Keir, Holly R. Chalmers, James D. Eur Respir Rev Reviews Neutrophilic inflammation has a key role in the pathophysiology of multiple chronic lung diseases. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has emerged as a key mechanism of disease in neutrophilic lung diseases including asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis and, most recently, bronchiectasis. NETs are large, web-like structures composed of DNA and anti-microbial proteins that are able to bind pathogens, prevent microbial dissemination and degrade bacterial virulence factors. The release of excess concentrations of proteases, antimicrobial proteins, DNA and histones, however, also leads to tissue damage, impaired mucociliary clearance, impaired bacterial killing and increased inflammation. A number of studies have linked airway NET formation with greater disease severity, increased exacerbations and overall worse disease outcomes across the spectrum of airway diseases. Treating neutrophilic inflammation has been challenging in chronic lung disease because of the delicate balance between reducing inflammation and increasing the risk of infections through immunosuppression. Novel approaches to suppressing NET formation or the associated inflammation are in development and represent an important therapeutic target. This review will discuss the relationship between NETs and the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis, asthma, COPD and bronchiectasis, and explore the current and future development of NET-targeting therapies. European Respiratory Society 2022-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9488971/ /pubmed/35197267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0241-2021 Text en Copyright ©The authors 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This version is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence 4.0. For commercial reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions@ersnet.org (mailto:permissions@ersnet.org) |
spellingShingle | Reviews Keir, Holly R. Chalmers, James D. Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
title | Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
title_full | Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
title_fullStr | Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
title_short | Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
title_sort | neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy |
topic | Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9488971/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35197267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0241-2021 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT keirhollyr neutrophilextracellulartrapsinchroniclungdiseaseimplicationsforpathogenesisandtherapy AT chalmersjamesd neutrophilextracellulartrapsinchroniclungdiseaseimplicationsforpathogenesisandtherapy |