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Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample

Although research has examined disparities in suicidal ideation across multiple groups, few investigations have analyzed such disparities in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, there is limited research on differences within and across countries, further limiting the extent to which meani...

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Autores principales: Jadir, Deeshpaul S., Anderson-Carpenter, Kaston D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Ltd. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9489468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36183597
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.026
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author Jadir, Deeshpaul S.
Anderson-Carpenter, Kaston D.
author_facet Jadir, Deeshpaul S.
Anderson-Carpenter, Kaston D.
author_sort Jadir, Deeshpaul S.
collection PubMed
description Although research has examined disparities in suicidal ideation across multiple groups, few investigations have analyzed such disparities in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, there is limited research on differences within and across countries, further limiting the extent to which meaningful comparisons can be made. Therefore, this study examines risk and protective factors of suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in adults across five countries. Adults (N = 2,509) from the United States, Italy, Spain, Saudi Arabia, and India completed a survey to measure suicidal ideation, recent drug use, and sociodemographic factors. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was assessed using simple and multivariable logistic regression models, and severity of suicidal ideation was analyzed via a multinomial multivariable logistic regression. Cohen's d statistics were reported for all analyses to report effect size. In the United States subsample, racial/ethnic minorities endorsed a significantly greater prevalence of suicidal ideation compared to their White peers (aOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.26–4.27, d = 0.46). However, no significant racial differences in suicidal ideation were found in other countries. Past 90-day illicit drug use was associated with greater prevalence (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.06–1.80, d = 0.18) and severity (aRRR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.33–3.53, (aRRR = 0.43) of suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown. This study further highlights the social disparities that exist in suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in international samples, for which greater medical and mental health interventions are critical. As such, targeted multicomponent interventions that address substance use are important for reducing the rising prevalence and severity of COVID-related suicidal ideation.
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spelling pubmed-94894682022-09-21 Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample Jadir, Deeshpaul S. Anderson-Carpenter, Kaston D. J Psychiatr Res Article Although research has examined disparities in suicidal ideation across multiple groups, few investigations have analyzed such disparities in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, there is limited research on differences within and across countries, further limiting the extent to which meaningful comparisons can be made. Therefore, this study examines risk and protective factors of suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in adults across five countries. Adults (N = 2,509) from the United States, Italy, Spain, Saudi Arabia, and India completed a survey to measure suicidal ideation, recent drug use, and sociodemographic factors. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was assessed using simple and multivariable logistic regression models, and severity of suicidal ideation was analyzed via a multinomial multivariable logistic regression. Cohen's d statistics were reported for all analyses to report effect size. In the United States subsample, racial/ethnic minorities endorsed a significantly greater prevalence of suicidal ideation compared to their White peers (aOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.26–4.27, d = 0.46). However, no significant racial differences in suicidal ideation were found in other countries. Past 90-day illicit drug use was associated with greater prevalence (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.06–1.80, d = 0.18) and severity (aRRR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.33–3.53, (aRRR = 0.43) of suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown. This study further highlights the social disparities that exist in suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in international samples, for which greater medical and mental health interventions are critical. As such, targeted multicomponent interventions that address substance use are important for reducing the rising prevalence and severity of COVID-related suicidal ideation. Elsevier Ltd. 2022-11 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9489468/ /pubmed/36183597 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.026 Text en © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Jadir, Deeshpaul S.
Anderson-Carpenter, Kaston D.
Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
title Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
title_full Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
title_fullStr Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
title_full_unstemmed Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
title_short Substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during COVID-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
title_sort substance use, racial/ethnic identity, and suicidal ideation during covid-19 lockdown in an international adult sample
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9489468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36183597
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.026
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