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Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade
Access to medicines has become a major concern for countries worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, as pharmaceutical production and trade have been disrupted in the course of the crisis. Antibiotics are one group of medicines where worries about access have been raised. Access to the right antibio...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9489990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36182675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115386 |
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author | Bjerke, Lise |
author_facet | Bjerke, Lise |
author_sort | Bjerke, Lise |
collection | PubMed |
description | Access to medicines has become a major concern for countries worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, as pharmaceutical production and trade have been disrupted in the course of the crisis. Antibiotics are one group of medicines where worries about access have been raised. Access to the right antibiotic at the right time is important not only for curing infections of individual patients, but also for curbing antibiotic resistance globally. Reliable pharmaceutical supply is key to ensuring access to medicines. The global supply of generic medicines has over the last decades been transformed by the rise of India's pharmaceutical industry. In this paper, I trace the changing role of this industry for the global export of antibiotics, by mapping and describing changes in Indian antibiotic exports and discussing these in light of historical processes and events. The paper offers a novel approach to analyse global antibiotic trajectories by using international trade data from publicly available resources combined with a secondary literature review. I show that India's pharmaceutical industry today holds a key role as one of the world's biggest exporters of antibiotic medicines, but with an increasing dependency on China as a supplier of antibiotic ingredients. This produces both opportunities and concerns for access to antibiotics globally. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9489990 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94899902022-09-21 Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade Bjerke, Lise Soc Sci Med Article Access to medicines has become a major concern for countries worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, as pharmaceutical production and trade have been disrupted in the course of the crisis. Antibiotics are one group of medicines where worries about access have been raised. Access to the right antibiotic at the right time is important not only for curing infections of individual patients, but also for curbing antibiotic resistance globally. Reliable pharmaceutical supply is key to ensuring access to medicines. The global supply of generic medicines has over the last decades been transformed by the rise of India's pharmaceutical industry. In this paper, I trace the changing role of this industry for the global export of antibiotics, by mapping and describing changes in Indian antibiotic exports and discussing these in light of historical processes and events. The paper offers a novel approach to analyse global antibiotic trajectories by using international trade data from publicly available resources combined with a secondary literature review. I show that India's pharmaceutical industry today holds a key role as one of the world's biggest exporters of antibiotic medicines, but with an increasing dependency on China as a supplier of antibiotic ingredients. This produces both opportunities and concerns for access to antibiotics globally. The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2022-11 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9489990/ /pubmed/36182675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115386 Text en © 2022 The Author Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Bjerke, Lise Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
title | Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
title_full | Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
title_fullStr | Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
title_full_unstemmed | Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
title_short | Antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: Tracing the role of India's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
title_sort | antibiotic geographies and access to medicines: tracing the role of india's pharmaceutical industry in global trade |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9489990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36182675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115386 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT bjerkelise antibioticgeographiesandaccesstomedicinestracingtheroleofindiaspharmaceuticalindustryinglobaltrade |