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Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica
BACKGROUND: SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL) is a unique family of transcription factors in plants, which is engaged in regulating plant growth and development, physiological and biochemical processes. Fraxinus mandshurica is an excellent timber species with a wide range of uses in north...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9490987/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36127640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03838-9 |
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author | He, Biying Gao, Shangzhu Lu, Han Yan, Jialin Li, Caihua Ma, Minghao Wang, Xigang Chen, Xiaohui Zhan, Yaguang Zeng, Fansuo |
author_facet | He, Biying Gao, Shangzhu Lu, Han Yan, Jialin Li, Caihua Ma, Minghao Wang, Xigang Chen, Xiaohui Zhan, Yaguang Zeng, Fansuo |
author_sort | He, Biying |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL) is a unique family of transcription factors in plants, which is engaged in regulating plant growth and development, physiological and biochemical processes. Fraxinus mandshurica is an excellent timber species with a wide range of uses in northeastern China and enjoys a high reputation in the international market. SPL family analysis has been reported in some plants while SPL family analysis of Fraxinus mandshurica has not been reported. RESULTS: We used phylogeny, conserved motifs, gene structure, secondary structure prediction, miR156 binding sites, promoter cis elements and GO annotation to systematically analyze the FmSPLs family. This was followed by expression analysis by subcellular localization, expression patterns at various tissue sites, abiotic stress and hormone induction. Because FmSPL2 is highly expressed in flowers it was selected to describe the SPL gene family of Fraxinus mandshurica by ectopic expression. Among them, 10 FmSPL genes that were highly expressed at different loci were selected for expression analysis under abiotic stress (NaCl and Cold) and hormone induction (IAA and ABA). These 10 FmSPL genes showed corresponding trends in response to both abiotic stress and hormone induction. We showed that overexpression of FmSPL2 in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. resulted in taller plants, shorter root length, increased root number, rounded leaves, and earlier flowering time. CONCLUSIONS: We identified 36 SPL genes, which were classified into seven subfamilies based on sequence analysis. FmSPL2 was selected for subsequent heterologous expression by analysis of expression patterns in various tissues and under abiotic stress and hormone induction, and significant phenotypic changes were observed in the transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. These results provide insight into the evolutionary origin and biological significance of plant SPL. The aim of this study was to lay the foundation for the genetic improvement of Fraxinus mandshurica and the subsequent functional analysis of FmSPL2. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-022-03838-9. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9490987 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94909872022-09-22 Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica He, Biying Gao, Shangzhu Lu, Han Yan, Jialin Li, Caihua Ma, Minghao Wang, Xigang Chen, Xiaohui Zhan, Yaguang Zeng, Fansuo BMC Plant Biol Research BACKGROUND: SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL) is a unique family of transcription factors in plants, which is engaged in regulating plant growth and development, physiological and biochemical processes. Fraxinus mandshurica is an excellent timber species with a wide range of uses in northeastern China and enjoys a high reputation in the international market. SPL family analysis has been reported in some plants while SPL family analysis of Fraxinus mandshurica has not been reported. RESULTS: We used phylogeny, conserved motifs, gene structure, secondary structure prediction, miR156 binding sites, promoter cis elements and GO annotation to systematically analyze the FmSPLs family. This was followed by expression analysis by subcellular localization, expression patterns at various tissue sites, abiotic stress and hormone induction. Because FmSPL2 is highly expressed in flowers it was selected to describe the SPL gene family of Fraxinus mandshurica by ectopic expression. Among them, 10 FmSPL genes that were highly expressed at different loci were selected for expression analysis under abiotic stress (NaCl and Cold) and hormone induction (IAA and ABA). These 10 FmSPL genes showed corresponding trends in response to both abiotic stress and hormone induction. We showed that overexpression of FmSPL2 in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. resulted in taller plants, shorter root length, increased root number, rounded leaves, and earlier flowering time. CONCLUSIONS: We identified 36 SPL genes, which were classified into seven subfamilies based on sequence analysis. FmSPL2 was selected for subsequent heterologous expression by analysis of expression patterns in various tissues and under abiotic stress and hormone induction, and significant phenotypic changes were observed in the transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. These results provide insight into the evolutionary origin and biological significance of plant SPL. The aim of this study was to lay the foundation for the genetic improvement of Fraxinus mandshurica and the subsequent functional analysis of FmSPL2. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-022-03838-9. BioMed Central 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9490987/ /pubmed/36127640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03838-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research He, Biying Gao, Shangzhu Lu, Han Yan, Jialin Li, Caihua Ma, Minghao Wang, Xigang Chen, Xiaohui Zhan, Yaguang Zeng, Fansuo Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica |
title | Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica |
title_full | Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica |
title_fullStr | Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica |
title_full_unstemmed | Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica |
title_short | Genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the SPL gene family in Fraxinus mandshurica |
title_sort | genome-wide analysis and molecular dissection of the spl gene family in fraxinus mandshurica |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9490987/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36127640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03838-9 |
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