Characterizing Leadership Trends in Hand Surgery Fellowship Programs

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to characterize academic and demographic factors most associated with fellowship director (FD) roles in hand surgery programs. A secondary aim was to characterize educational and employment trends. The final aim was to compare these findings with those in other orthopedic subspecialties. METHODS: Domestic programs were identified using the American Society for Surgery of the Hand fellowship directory. Data were collected via internet searches of publicly available information and direct contact with programs. Variables included demographic characteristics (age, sex, and race/ethnicity), education and employment history, Hirsch index (H-index) research productivity, and membership of select hand surgery societies. RESULTS: Information about 86 FDs was collected from a total of 88 identified hand surgery fellowships. Seventy-six (88.4%) FDs were men, whereas 10 (11.6%) were women. The mean age was 53.3 years. Most FDs (n = 68, 79.1%) completed their residency in orthopedic surgery. The average Scopus H-index was 16.3. Most FDs were White (n = 64, 74%) followed by Asian (n = 14, 16%). The mean duration from fellowship completion to FD appointment was 12.6 years, whereas the mean duration of employment at an institution before FD appointment was 17.9 years. The mean duration of tenure as an FD was 9.8 years. Twenty-eight (32.94%) individuals served as an FD at their residency institution and 20 (23.5%) led at their fellowship institution. The most frequently attended residency institution by FDs was University of Pennsylvania, whereas Mayo Clinic was the most frequently attended fellowship program. Six FDs have served as the presidents of a hand surgery society. CONCLUSIONS: Fellowship directors are largely White and men. They are distinguished by their research productivity. A few select programs contribute an outsized proportion of individuals to FD positions. This may be due to a pipeline effect or because applicants with ambition to become FDs pursue specific programs for training. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study characterizes the academic/demographic factors of hand surgery FDs.