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Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes

The incidence of cardiovascular events is higher in the morning than in the evening and differs between sexes. We tested the hypothesis that aortic stiffness, a compelling cardiovascular risk factor, increases in the morning than in the evening in young, healthy individuals between 18 and 30 years (...

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Autores principales: Gentilin, Alessandro, Moghetti, Paolo, Cevese, Antonio, Mattioli, Anna Vittoria, Schena, Federico, Tarperi, Cantor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9492945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36158808
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.952621
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author Gentilin, Alessandro
Moghetti, Paolo
Cevese, Antonio
Mattioli, Anna Vittoria
Schena, Federico
Tarperi, Cantor
author_facet Gentilin, Alessandro
Moghetti, Paolo
Cevese, Antonio
Mattioli, Anna Vittoria
Schena, Federico
Tarperi, Cantor
author_sort Gentilin, Alessandro
collection PubMed
description The incidence of cardiovascular events is higher in the morning than in the evening and differs between sexes. We tested the hypothesis that aortic stiffness, a compelling cardiovascular risk factor, increases in the morning than in the evening in young, healthy individuals between 18 and 30 years (H18–30) or in older individuals between 50 and 80 years, either healthy (H50–80) or with type 2 diabetes (T2DM50–80). Sex differences were also investigated. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) recorded via Doppler Ultrasound, blood pressure and heart rate were checked at 6 a.m. and 9 p.m., at rest and during acute sympathetic activation triggered by handgrip exercise. Cf-PWV values were lower in the morning compared to the evening in all groups (p < 0.01) at rest and lower (p = 0.008) in H18–30 but similar (p > 0.267) in the older groups during sympathetic activation. At rest, cf-PWV values were lower in young women compared to young men (p = 0.001); however, this trend was reversed in the older groups (p < 0.04). During sympathetic activation, the cf-PWV was lower in women in H18–30 (p = 0.001), similar between sexes in H50–80 (p = 0.122), and higher in women in T2DM50–80 (p = 0.004). These data do not support the hypothesis that aortic stiffness increases in the morning compared to the evening within any of the considered groups in both rest and sympathetic activation conditions. There are differences between the sexes, which vary according to age and diabetes status. In particular, aortic stiffness is higher in older women than in men with diabetes during acute stress.
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spelling pubmed-94929452022-09-23 Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes Gentilin, Alessandro Moghetti, Paolo Cevese, Antonio Mattioli, Anna Vittoria Schena, Federico Tarperi, Cantor Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine The incidence of cardiovascular events is higher in the morning than in the evening and differs between sexes. We tested the hypothesis that aortic stiffness, a compelling cardiovascular risk factor, increases in the morning than in the evening in young, healthy individuals between 18 and 30 years (H18–30) or in older individuals between 50 and 80 years, either healthy (H50–80) or with type 2 diabetes (T2DM50–80). Sex differences were also investigated. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) recorded via Doppler Ultrasound, blood pressure and heart rate were checked at 6 a.m. and 9 p.m., at rest and during acute sympathetic activation triggered by handgrip exercise. Cf-PWV values were lower in the morning compared to the evening in all groups (p < 0.01) at rest and lower (p = 0.008) in H18–30 but similar (p > 0.267) in the older groups during sympathetic activation. At rest, cf-PWV values were lower in young women compared to young men (p = 0.001); however, this trend was reversed in the older groups (p < 0.04). During sympathetic activation, the cf-PWV was lower in women in H18–30 (p = 0.001), similar between sexes in H50–80 (p = 0.122), and higher in women in T2DM50–80 (p = 0.004). These data do not support the hypothesis that aortic stiffness increases in the morning compared to the evening within any of the considered groups in both rest and sympathetic activation conditions. There are differences between the sexes, which vary according to age and diabetes status. In particular, aortic stiffness is higher in older women than in men with diabetes during acute stress. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9492945/ /pubmed/36158808 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.952621 Text en Copyright © 2022 Gentilin, Moghetti, Cevese, Mattioli, Schena and Tarperi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Gentilin, Alessandro
Moghetti, Paolo
Cevese, Antonio
Mattioli, Anna Vittoria
Schena, Federico
Tarperi, Cantor
Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
title Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
title_full Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
title_fullStr Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
title_short Circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
title_sort circadian and sex differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in young individuals and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9492945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36158808
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.952621
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