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Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance

Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and its survival predictors are critical for precision medicine but have not been fully investigated. The complement system is a complex multistep cascade at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity...

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Autores principales: Tong, Xiaoxia, Yang, Xiaohu, Tong, Xiaojuan, Zhai, Dong, Liu, Yonglei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9493128/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36159981
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.903421
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author Tong, Xiaoxia
Yang, Xiaohu
Tong, Xiaojuan
Zhai, Dong
Liu, Yonglei
author_facet Tong, Xiaoxia
Yang, Xiaohu
Tong, Xiaojuan
Zhai, Dong
Liu, Yonglei
author_sort Tong, Xiaoxia
collection PubMed
description Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and its survival predictors are critical for precision medicine but have not been fully investigated. The complement system is a complex multistep cascade at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity, which augments the function of antibodies and phagocytes. This study aimed to construct and validate a CSRG signature based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) STAD dataset and revalidated it in an external GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) STAD cohort. Subsequently, we assessed the association of risk levels with the stromal and immune cell infiltration level in STAD using the ESTIMATE, single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), and Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter) algorithm. It was found that the CSRG signature, based on three genes (SERPINE1, PROC, and CFHR3), was significantly and independently associated with the OS in TCGA STAD patients (p < 0.001). Subsequently, we found that the high-risk STAD harbors more immune cell infiltration than the low-risk group, and the ESTIMATE results indicated that there exists a more stromal component in the tumor microenvironment of the high-risk groups. Compared to the low-risk group, the high-risk STAD patients had higher expressions of marker genes for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and showed higher sensitivity to the chemotherapy agents (rapamycin, nilotinib, 5-fluorouracil, axitinib, DMOG, and JNK inhibitor VIII). The prognostic value of the CSRGs was further validated by nomogram plots, which revealed that it was superior to tumor TNM and pathologic stage. Finally, the three expression levels were evaluated in GES-1, HGC27, and AGS cells by qRT-PCR.
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spelling pubmed-94931282022-09-23 Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance Tong, Xiaoxia Yang, Xiaohu Tong, Xiaojuan Zhai, Dong Liu, Yonglei Front Genet Genetics Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and its survival predictors are critical for precision medicine but have not been fully investigated. The complement system is a complex multistep cascade at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity, which augments the function of antibodies and phagocytes. This study aimed to construct and validate a CSRG signature based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) STAD dataset and revalidated it in an external GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) STAD cohort. Subsequently, we assessed the association of risk levels with the stromal and immune cell infiltration level in STAD using the ESTIMATE, single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), and Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter) algorithm. It was found that the CSRG signature, based on three genes (SERPINE1, PROC, and CFHR3), was significantly and independently associated with the OS in TCGA STAD patients (p < 0.001). Subsequently, we found that the high-risk STAD harbors more immune cell infiltration than the low-risk group, and the ESTIMATE results indicated that there exists a more stromal component in the tumor microenvironment of the high-risk groups. Compared to the low-risk group, the high-risk STAD patients had higher expressions of marker genes for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and showed higher sensitivity to the chemotherapy agents (rapamycin, nilotinib, 5-fluorouracil, axitinib, DMOG, and JNK inhibitor VIII). The prognostic value of the CSRGs was further validated by nomogram plots, which revealed that it was superior to tumor TNM and pathologic stage. Finally, the three expression levels were evaluated in GES-1, HGC27, and AGS cells by qRT-PCR. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9493128/ /pubmed/36159981 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.903421 Text en Copyright © 2022 Tong, Yang, Tong, Zhai and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Tong, Xiaoxia
Yang, Xiaohu
Tong, Xiaojuan
Zhai, Dong
Liu, Yonglei
Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
title Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
title_full Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
title_fullStr Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
title_full_unstemmed Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
title_short Complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: Prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
title_sort complement system-related genes in stomach adenocarcinoma: prognostic signature, immune landscape, and drug resistance
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9493128/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36159981
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.903421
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