Análisis de la salud de la población sin hogar de un distrito desfavorecido de Barcelona. Estudio ESSELLA

OBJECTIVE: To assess the health status of the homeless population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING: Raval Sud Primary Care Health Center (Barcelona). PARTICIPANTS: Homeless legal age people who have slept rough at some point in their lives. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Sociodemographic data and time in a situation of homelessness. Chronic pathologies, transmissible infectious diseases, mental illnesses and substance use disorders. HAD questionnaire on anxiety and depression. CVRS EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The information of 146 patients with a mean age of 51.6 years (SD = 12.8), 87% male and a mean of 12 years (SD = 11.9) in a situation of homelessness was analyzed. The burden of disease was compared between the CAS profile (Drug addiction center – Baluard) and the socio-sanitary profile (Arrels Foundation). CAS users presented higher percentages of substance use disorders, mental illnesses and transmissible infectious diseases. People with a socio-health profile presented a higher percentage of chronic diseases (respiratory, cardiovascular and oncological) and more than half presented an alcohol use disorder and a higher percentage of disease associated with its consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The homeless population presents a high burden of disease, especially for mental illness, addictions and transmissible infectious diseases. We believe that studies are necessary to evaluate the disease excess compared to the general population with its derived costs and to design new strategies to address this burden of disease and its specificity.