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Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein

Coronaviruses have long posed a major threat not only to human health but also to agriculture. Outbreaks of an animal coronavirus such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause up-to-100% mortality in suckling piglets, resulting in devastating effects on the livestock industry. Understandi...

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Autores principales: Sungsuwan, Suttipun, Kadkanklai, Supasek, Mhuantong, Wuttichai, Jongkaewwattana, Anan, Jaru-Ampornpan, Peera
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9493364/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36160209
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.975632
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author Sungsuwan, Suttipun
Kadkanklai, Supasek
Mhuantong, Wuttichai
Jongkaewwattana, Anan
Jaru-Ampornpan, Peera
author_facet Sungsuwan, Suttipun
Kadkanklai, Supasek
Mhuantong, Wuttichai
Jongkaewwattana, Anan
Jaru-Ampornpan, Peera
author_sort Sungsuwan, Suttipun
collection PubMed
description Coronaviruses have long posed a major threat not only to human health but also to agriculture. Outbreaks of an animal coronavirus such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause up-to-100% mortality in suckling piglets, resulting in devastating effects on the livestock industry. Understanding how the virus evades its host’s defense can help us better manage the infection. Zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is an important class of host antiviral factors against a variety of viruses, including the human coronavirus. In this study, we have shown that a representative porcine coronavirus, PEDV, can be suppressed by endogenous or porcine-cell-derived ZAP in VeroE6 cells. An uneven distribution pattern of CpG dinucleotides in the viral genome is one of the factors contributing to suppression, as an increase in CpG content in the nucleocapsid (N) gene renders the virus more susceptible to ZAP. Our study revealed that the virus uses its own nucleocapsid protein (pCoV-N) to interact with ZAP and counteract the activity of ZAP. The insights into coronavirus-host interactions shown in this work could be used in the design and development of modern vaccines and antiviral agents for the next pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-94933642022-09-23 Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein Sungsuwan, Suttipun Kadkanklai, Supasek Mhuantong, Wuttichai Jongkaewwattana, Anan Jaru-Ampornpan, Peera Front Microbiol Microbiology Coronaviruses have long posed a major threat not only to human health but also to agriculture. Outbreaks of an animal coronavirus such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause up-to-100% mortality in suckling piglets, resulting in devastating effects on the livestock industry. Understanding how the virus evades its host’s defense can help us better manage the infection. Zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is an important class of host antiviral factors against a variety of viruses, including the human coronavirus. In this study, we have shown that a representative porcine coronavirus, PEDV, can be suppressed by endogenous or porcine-cell-derived ZAP in VeroE6 cells. An uneven distribution pattern of CpG dinucleotides in the viral genome is one of the factors contributing to suppression, as an increase in CpG content in the nucleocapsid (N) gene renders the virus more susceptible to ZAP. Our study revealed that the virus uses its own nucleocapsid protein (pCoV-N) to interact with ZAP and counteract the activity of ZAP. The insights into coronavirus-host interactions shown in this work could be used in the design and development of modern vaccines and antiviral agents for the next pandemic. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9493364/ /pubmed/36160209 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.975632 Text en Copyright © 2022 Sungsuwan, Kadkanklai, Mhuantong, Jongkaewwattana and Jaru-Ampornpan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Sungsuwan, Suttipun
Kadkanklai, Supasek
Mhuantong, Wuttichai
Jongkaewwattana, Anan
Jaru-Ampornpan, Peera
Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
title Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
title_full Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
title_fullStr Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
title_full_unstemmed Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
title_short Zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
title_sort zinc-finger antiviral protein-mediated inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus growth is antagonized by the coronaviral nucleocapsid protein
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9493364/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36160209
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.975632
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