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Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Fever is one of the most common causes of medical evaluation of children, and early discrimination between viral and bacterial infection is essential to reduce inappropriate prescriptions. This study aims to systematically review the effects of point-of-care tests (POCTs) and rapid tests for respira...

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Autores principales: Brigadoi, Giulia, Gastaldi, Andrea, Moi, Marco, Barbieri, Elisa, Rossin, Sara, Biffi, Annalisa, Cantarutti, Anna, Giaquinto, Carlo, Da Dalt, Liviana, Donà, Daniele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9494981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36139971
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11091192
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author Brigadoi, Giulia
Gastaldi, Andrea
Moi, Marco
Barbieri, Elisa
Rossin, Sara
Biffi, Annalisa
Cantarutti, Anna
Giaquinto, Carlo
Da Dalt, Liviana
Donà, Daniele
author_facet Brigadoi, Giulia
Gastaldi, Andrea
Moi, Marco
Barbieri, Elisa
Rossin, Sara
Biffi, Annalisa
Cantarutti, Anna
Giaquinto, Carlo
Da Dalt, Liviana
Donà, Daniele
author_sort Brigadoi, Giulia
collection PubMed
description Fever is one of the most common causes of medical evaluation of children, and early discrimination between viral and bacterial infection is essential to reduce inappropriate prescriptions. This study aims to systematically review the effects of point-of-care tests (POCTs) and rapid tests for respiratory tract infections on changing antibiotic prescription rate, length of stay, duration of therapy, and healthcare costs. Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. All randomized control trials and non-randomized observational studies meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated using the NIH assessment tool. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of rapid influenza diagnostic tests and film-array respiratory panel implementation on selected outcomes. From a total of 6440 studies, 57 were eligible for the review. The analysis was stratified by setting and POCT/rapid test type. The most frequent POCTs or rapid tests implemented were the Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test and film-array and for those types of test a separate meta-analysis assessed a significant reduction in antibiotic prescription and an improvement in oseltamivir prescription. Implementing POCTs and rapid tests to discriminate between viral and bacterial infections for respiratory pathogens is valuable for improving appropriate antimicrobial prescriptions. However, more studies are needed to assess these findings in pediatric settings.
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spelling pubmed-94949812022-09-23 Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Brigadoi, Giulia Gastaldi, Andrea Moi, Marco Barbieri, Elisa Rossin, Sara Biffi, Annalisa Cantarutti, Anna Giaquinto, Carlo Da Dalt, Liviana Donà, Daniele Antibiotics (Basel) Systematic Review Fever is one of the most common causes of medical evaluation of children, and early discrimination between viral and bacterial infection is essential to reduce inappropriate prescriptions. This study aims to systematically review the effects of point-of-care tests (POCTs) and rapid tests for respiratory tract infections on changing antibiotic prescription rate, length of stay, duration of therapy, and healthcare costs. Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. All randomized control trials and non-randomized observational studies meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated using the NIH assessment tool. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of rapid influenza diagnostic tests and film-array respiratory panel implementation on selected outcomes. From a total of 6440 studies, 57 were eligible for the review. The analysis was stratified by setting and POCT/rapid test type. The most frequent POCTs or rapid tests implemented were the Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test and film-array and for those types of test a separate meta-analysis assessed a significant reduction in antibiotic prescription and an improvement in oseltamivir prescription. Implementing POCTs and rapid tests to discriminate between viral and bacterial infections for respiratory pathogens is valuable for improving appropriate antimicrobial prescriptions. However, more studies are needed to assess these findings in pediatric settings. MDPI 2022-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9494981/ /pubmed/36139971 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11091192 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Brigadoi, Giulia
Gastaldi, Andrea
Moi, Marco
Barbieri, Elisa
Rossin, Sara
Biffi, Annalisa
Cantarutti, Anna
Giaquinto, Carlo
Da Dalt, Liviana
Donà, Daniele
Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Point-of-Care and Rapid Tests for the Etiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort point-of-care and rapid tests for the etiological diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9494981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36139971
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11091192
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