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Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses
In terms of sustainability and circular economy, agricultural by-products may be efficiently reused in insects’ rearing for high-quality protein sources in human diet and animal feeds. The present study aimed to explore whether the utilization of carob pods as feeding substrate may beneficially affe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9495811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36139915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091840 |
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author | Antonopoulou, Efthimia Panteli, Nikolas Feidantsis, Kostantinos Mastoraki, Maria Koutsogeorgiou, Eleni I. Grivaki, Eirini Papagrigoriou, Theodora Christias, Spyros P. Chatzifotis, Stavros Lazari, Diamanto Andreadis, Stefanos S. Krigas, Nikos |
author_facet | Antonopoulou, Efthimia Panteli, Nikolas Feidantsis, Kostantinos Mastoraki, Maria Koutsogeorgiou, Eleni I. Grivaki, Eirini Papagrigoriou, Theodora Christias, Spyros P. Chatzifotis, Stavros Lazari, Diamanto Andreadis, Stefanos S. Krigas, Nikos |
author_sort | Antonopoulou, Efthimia |
collection | PubMed |
description | In terms of sustainability and circular economy, agricultural by-products may be efficiently reused in insects’ rearing for high-quality protein sources in human diet and animal feeds. The present study aimed to explore whether the utilization of carob pods as feeding substrate may beneficially affect Tenebrio molitor’s growth, nutritional value, antioxidant status and cellular responses. Increasing levels of milled whole carob pods (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) were used as alternative wheat bran (control) substrates for yellow mealworm rearing, while growth performance, proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression of stress- and apoptotic-related proteins were evaluated in larvae. The results showed that carob pods’ content up to 75% did not significantly differentiate larvae weight, development time and total dry matter. Larvae total phenolic content and antioxidant activity exhibited a significant increase at 75% content. Although the antioxidant enzymes’ activity decreased at both 25 and 50% levels, higher carob content levels (75 and 100%) resulted in no significant changes compared to the control. Carob pods led to decreased apoptotic indicators and the low expression of most stress-related proteins compared to the control. The present findings demonstrate that carob pods and their antioxidant properties exert beneficial effects on T. molitor’s rearing and nutritional status, although 100% carob content may impact adversely the larvae due to the high amounts of carob tannins. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9495811 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94958112022-09-23 Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses Antonopoulou, Efthimia Panteli, Nikolas Feidantsis, Kostantinos Mastoraki, Maria Koutsogeorgiou, Eleni I. Grivaki, Eirini Papagrigoriou, Theodora Christias, Spyros P. Chatzifotis, Stavros Lazari, Diamanto Andreadis, Stefanos S. Krigas, Nikos Antioxidants (Basel) Article In terms of sustainability and circular economy, agricultural by-products may be efficiently reused in insects’ rearing for high-quality protein sources in human diet and animal feeds. The present study aimed to explore whether the utilization of carob pods as feeding substrate may beneficially affect Tenebrio molitor’s growth, nutritional value, antioxidant status and cellular responses. Increasing levels of milled whole carob pods (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) were used as alternative wheat bran (control) substrates for yellow mealworm rearing, while growth performance, proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression of stress- and apoptotic-related proteins were evaluated in larvae. The results showed that carob pods’ content up to 75% did not significantly differentiate larvae weight, development time and total dry matter. Larvae total phenolic content and antioxidant activity exhibited a significant increase at 75% content. Although the antioxidant enzymes’ activity decreased at both 25 and 50% levels, higher carob content levels (75 and 100%) resulted in no significant changes compared to the control. Carob pods led to decreased apoptotic indicators and the low expression of most stress-related proteins compared to the control. The present findings demonstrate that carob pods and their antioxidant properties exert beneficial effects on T. molitor’s rearing and nutritional status, although 100% carob content may impact adversely the larvae due to the high amounts of carob tannins. MDPI 2022-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9495811/ /pubmed/36139915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091840 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Antonopoulou, Efthimia Panteli, Nikolas Feidantsis, Kostantinos Mastoraki, Maria Koutsogeorgiou, Eleni I. Grivaki, Eirini Papagrigoriou, Theodora Christias, Spyros P. Chatzifotis, Stavros Lazari, Diamanto Andreadis, Stefanos S. Krigas, Nikos Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses |
title | Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses |
title_full | Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses |
title_fullStr | Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses |
title_full_unstemmed | Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses |
title_short | Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses |
title_sort | carob (ceratonia siliqua) as functional feed is beneficial in yellow mealworm (tenebrio molitor) rearing: evidence from growth, antioxidant status and cellular responses |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9495811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36139915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091840 |
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