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Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery

Though surgical techniques profoundly influence in vivo experiments, significant heterogeneity exists in current surgeries for inducing rat femoral bone defects. Such variations reduce the reproducibility and comparability of preclinical studies, and are detrimental to clinical translation. The purp...

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Autores principales: Sun, Yu, Helmholz, Heike, Willumeit-Römer, Regine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9495991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135022
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9090476
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author Sun, Yu
Helmholz, Heike
Willumeit-Römer, Regine
author_facet Sun, Yu
Helmholz, Heike
Willumeit-Römer, Regine
author_sort Sun, Yu
collection PubMed
description Though surgical techniques profoundly influence in vivo experiments, significant heterogeneity exists in current surgeries for inducing rat femoral bone defects. Such variations reduce the reproducibility and comparability of preclinical studies, and are detrimental to clinical translation. The purposes of this study were: (1) to conduct a systematic review of rat femoral defect models, summarizing and analyzing the surgical techniques; (2) to analyze surgical design and potential pitfalls via 3D anatomy and virtual surgeries for fostering future precision research; and (3) to establish a surgical classification system, for improving the reproducibility and comparability among studies, avoiding unnecessary repetitive experiments. The online database PubMed was searched to identify studies from January 2000 to June 2022 using keywords, including rat, femur, bone defect. Eligible publications were included for a review of surgical methods. Anatomical analysis and virtual surgeries were conducted based on micro-CT reconstruction of the rat femur for further investigation and establishment of a classification system. A total of 545 publications were included, revealing marked heterogeneity in surgical methods. Four major surgical designs were reported for inducing defects from the proximal to distal femur: bone tunnel, cortical window, segmental defect, and wedge-shaped defect. Anatomical analysis revealed potential pitfalls hindering efficient clinical translation. A classification system was established according to the anatomical region, surgical design, and fixation devices. This systematic review in combination with 3D analysis and virtual surgery provides a general overview of current surgical approaches to inducing femoral defects in rats, and establishes a surgical classification facilitating preclinical research of quality and translational value.
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spelling pubmed-94959912022-09-23 Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery Sun, Yu Helmholz, Heike Willumeit-Römer, Regine Bioengineering (Basel) Systematic Review Though surgical techniques profoundly influence in vivo experiments, significant heterogeneity exists in current surgeries for inducing rat femoral bone defects. Such variations reduce the reproducibility and comparability of preclinical studies, and are detrimental to clinical translation. The purposes of this study were: (1) to conduct a systematic review of rat femoral defect models, summarizing and analyzing the surgical techniques; (2) to analyze surgical design and potential pitfalls via 3D anatomy and virtual surgeries for fostering future precision research; and (3) to establish a surgical classification system, for improving the reproducibility and comparability among studies, avoiding unnecessary repetitive experiments. The online database PubMed was searched to identify studies from January 2000 to June 2022 using keywords, including rat, femur, bone defect. Eligible publications were included for a review of surgical methods. Anatomical analysis and virtual surgeries were conducted based on micro-CT reconstruction of the rat femur for further investigation and establishment of a classification system. A total of 545 publications were included, revealing marked heterogeneity in surgical methods. Four major surgical designs were reported for inducing defects from the proximal to distal femur: bone tunnel, cortical window, segmental defect, and wedge-shaped defect. Anatomical analysis revealed potential pitfalls hindering efficient clinical translation. A classification system was established according to the anatomical region, surgical design, and fixation devices. This systematic review in combination with 3D analysis and virtual surgery provides a general overview of current surgical approaches to inducing femoral defects in rats, and establishes a surgical classification facilitating preclinical research of quality and translational value. MDPI 2022-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9495991/ /pubmed/36135022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9090476 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Sun, Yu
Helmholz, Heike
Willumeit-Römer, Regine
Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery
title Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery
title_full Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery
title_fullStr Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery
title_full_unstemmed Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery
title_short Surgical Classification for Preclinical Rat Femoral Bone Defect Model: Standardization Based on Systematic Review, Anatomical Analysis and Virtual Surgery
title_sort surgical classification for preclinical rat femoral bone defect model: standardization based on systematic review, anatomical analysis and virtual surgery
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9495991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135022
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9090476
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