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Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children

Prior experience represents a prerequisite for memory consolidation across various memory systems. In the context of olfaction, sleep was found to enhance the consolidation of odors in adults but not in typically developing children (TDC), likely due to differences in pre-experience. Interestingly,...

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Autores principales: Munz, Manuel, Wiesner, Christian Dirk, Vollersen-Krekiehn, Meike, Baving, Lioba, Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9496889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36138918
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091182
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author Munz, Manuel
Wiesner, Christian Dirk
Vollersen-Krekiehn, Meike
Baving, Lioba
Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander
author_facet Munz, Manuel
Wiesner, Christian Dirk
Vollersen-Krekiehn, Meike
Baving, Lioba
Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander
author_sort Munz, Manuel
collection PubMed
description Prior experience represents a prerequisite for memory consolidation across various memory systems. In the context of olfaction, sleep was found to enhance the consolidation of odors in adults but not in typically developing children (TDC), likely due to differences in pre-experience. Interestingly, unmedicated children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition related to dopamine dysfunction, showed lower perceptive thresholds for odors, potentially allowing for more odor experience compared to TDC. We investigated sleep-associated odor memory consolidation in ADHD. Twenty-eight children with ADHD and thirty age-matched TDC participated in an incidental odor recognition task. For the sleep groups (ADHD: n = 14, TDC: n = 15), the encoding of 10 target odorants took place in the evening, and the retention of odorants was tested with 10 target odorants and 10 distractor odorants the next morning. In the wake groups (ADHD: n = 14, TDC: n = 15), the time schedule was reversed. Odor memory consolidation was superior in the ADHD sleep group compared to the TDC sleep and the ADHD wake groups. Intensity and familiarity ratings during encoding were substantially higher in ADHD compared to TDC. Sleep-associated odor memory consolidation in ADHD is superior to TDC. Abundant pre-experience due to lower perceptive thresholds is suggested as a possible explanation. Olfaction might serve as a biomarker in ADHD.
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spelling pubmed-94968892022-09-23 Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children Munz, Manuel Wiesner, Christian Dirk Vollersen-Krekiehn, Meike Baving, Lioba Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander Brain Sci Article Prior experience represents a prerequisite for memory consolidation across various memory systems. In the context of olfaction, sleep was found to enhance the consolidation of odors in adults but not in typically developing children (TDC), likely due to differences in pre-experience. Interestingly, unmedicated children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition related to dopamine dysfunction, showed lower perceptive thresholds for odors, potentially allowing for more odor experience compared to TDC. We investigated sleep-associated odor memory consolidation in ADHD. Twenty-eight children with ADHD and thirty age-matched TDC participated in an incidental odor recognition task. For the sleep groups (ADHD: n = 14, TDC: n = 15), the encoding of 10 target odorants took place in the evening, and the retention of odorants was tested with 10 target odorants and 10 distractor odorants the next morning. In the wake groups (ADHD: n = 14, TDC: n = 15), the time schedule was reversed. Odor memory consolidation was superior in the ADHD sleep group compared to the TDC sleep and the ADHD wake groups. Intensity and familiarity ratings during encoding were substantially higher in ADHD compared to TDC. Sleep-associated odor memory consolidation in ADHD is superior to TDC. Abundant pre-experience due to lower perceptive thresholds is suggested as a possible explanation. Olfaction might serve as a biomarker in ADHD. MDPI 2022-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9496889/ /pubmed/36138918 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091182 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Munz, Manuel
Wiesner, Christian Dirk
Vollersen-Krekiehn, Meike
Baving, Lioba
Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander
Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children
title Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children
title_full Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children
title_fullStr Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children
title_full_unstemmed Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children
title_short Sleep Fosters Odor Recognition in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder but Not in Typically Developing Children
title_sort sleep fosters odor recognition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder but not in typically developing children
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9496889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36138918
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091182
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