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The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity

Background: Obesity is associated with dysbiosis, contributing to inflammation and insulin resistance. Inulin might reduce inflammation by manipulating intestinal microbiota. Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of inulin supplementation on inflammation and assess the relationships of inflam...

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Autores principales: Visuthranukul, Chonnikant, Kwanbunbumpen, Tanisa, Chongpison, Yuda, Chamni, Supakarn, Panichsillaphakit, Ekkarit, Uaariyapanichkul, Jaraspong, Maholarnkij, Settachote, Chomtho, Sirinuch
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36140983
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182856
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author Visuthranukul, Chonnikant
Kwanbunbumpen, Tanisa
Chongpison, Yuda
Chamni, Supakarn
Panichsillaphakit, Ekkarit
Uaariyapanichkul, Jaraspong
Maholarnkij, Settachote
Chomtho, Sirinuch
author_facet Visuthranukul, Chonnikant
Kwanbunbumpen, Tanisa
Chongpison, Yuda
Chamni, Supakarn
Panichsillaphakit, Ekkarit
Uaariyapanichkul, Jaraspong
Maholarnkij, Settachote
Chomtho, Sirinuch
author_sort Visuthranukul, Chonnikant
collection PubMed
description Background: Obesity is associated with dysbiosis, contributing to inflammation and insulin resistance. Inulin might reduce inflammation by manipulating intestinal microbiota. Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of inulin supplementation on inflammation and assess the relationships of inflammatory cytokines with adiposity and insulin resistance in obese Thai children. Design: Obese Thai children ages 7–15 years were randomly assigned to inulin (intervention), maltodextrin (placebo), and dietary fiber advice groups. All participants received monthly follow-up and identical advice on lifestyle modification for six visits. Body composition was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and fecal calprotectin were analyzed by ELISA technique at baseline and the final visit. Spearman correlation was used to assess the associations between inflammation and other clinical outcome variables. Results: A total of 155 obese children completed the study (mean age: 10.4 ± 2.2 years, 59% male). All groups showed a significant decrease in BMI z-score, fat mass index (FMI), percent body fat, and trunk FMI. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model showed significantly decreased IL-1β and TNF-α of 34.8% and 25.8%, (p < 0.0001) but increased IL-6 (21.5%, p = 0.006) in all groups. There were no significant differences in inflammatory cytokines and fecal calprotectin between groups. Mean IL-6 was higher in obese children with acanthosis nigricans (p = 0.048). Only IL-6 was positively correlated with body fat percentage and FMI (r = 0.29, p = 0.008 and r = 0.25, p = 0.049, respectively). Conclusions: Intensive behavioral modification and frequent follow-up visits were effective methods to reduce BMI and adiposity leading to decreased inflammatory cytokines. The additional benefits of inulin on inflammation could not be demonstrated due to the Hawthorne effect. Among the three cytokines, IL-6 was the most likely mediator relating FM and insulin resistance at baseline; therefore, it could be used as a surrogate marker of inflammation in obese children who are at risk for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
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spelling pubmed-94980042022-09-23 The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity Visuthranukul, Chonnikant Kwanbunbumpen, Tanisa Chongpison, Yuda Chamni, Supakarn Panichsillaphakit, Ekkarit Uaariyapanichkul, Jaraspong Maholarnkij, Settachote Chomtho, Sirinuch Foods Article Background: Obesity is associated with dysbiosis, contributing to inflammation and insulin resistance. Inulin might reduce inflammation by manipulating intestinal microbiota. Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of inulin supplementation on inflammation and assess the relationships of inflammatory cytokines with adiposity and insulin resistance in obese Thai children. Design: Obese Thai children ages 7–15 years were randomly assigned to inulin (intervention), maltodextrin (placebo), and dietary fiber advice groups. All participants received monthly follow-up and identical advice on lifestyle modification for six visits. Body composition was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and fecal calprotectin were analyzed by ELISA technique at baseline and the final visit. Spearman correlation was used to assess the associations between inflammation and other clinical outcome variables. Results: A total of 155 obese children completed the study (mean age: 10.4 ± 2.2 years, 59% male). All groups showed a significant decrease in BMI z-score, fat mass index (FMI), percent body fat, and trunk FMI. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model showed significantly decreased IL-1β and TNF-α of 34.8% and 25.8%, (p < 0.0001) but increased IL-6 (21.5%, p = 0.006) in all groups. There were no significant differences in inflammatory cytokines and fecal calprotectin between groups. Mean IL-6 was higher in obese children with acanthosis nigricans (p = 0.048). Only IL-6 was positively correlated with body fat percentage and FMI (r = 0.29, p = 0.008 and r = 0.25, p = 0.049, respectively). Conclusions: Intensive behavioral modification and frequent follow-up visits were effective methods to reduce BMI and adiposity leading to decreased inflammatory cytokines. The additional benefits of inulin on inflammation could not be demonstrated due to the Hawthorne effect. Among the three cytokines, IL-6 was the most likely mediator relating FM and insulin resistance at baseline; therefore, it could be used as a surrogate marker of inflammation in obese children who are at risk for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. MDPI 2022-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9498004/ /pubmed/36140983 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182856 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Visuthranukul, Chonnikant
Kwanbunbumpen, Tanisa
Chongpison, Yuda
Chamni, Supakarn
Panichsillaphakit, Ekkarit
Uaariyapanichkul, Jaraspong
Maholarnkij, Settachote
Chomtho, Sirinuch
The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity
title The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity
title_full The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity
title_fullStr The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity
title_short The Impact of Dietary Fiber as a Prebiotic on Inflammation in Children with Obesity
title_sort impact of dietary fiber as a prebiotic on inflammation in children with obesity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36140983
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182856
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