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The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave

Omicron (B.1.1.529) was first detected in a sample collected in Botswana on November 11, 2021, and has rapidly replaced Delta as the dominant global variant given the robust transmissibility. Moreover, it displays a lower virulence than other variants. However, the pathogenicity of Omicron appears t...

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Autores principales: Wei, Zichun, He, Jiarui, Wang, Conghui, Bao, Jiaqi, Leng, Taiyang, Chen, Fei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36159796
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.977972
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author Wei, Zichun
He, Jiarui
Wang, Conghui
Bao, Jiaqi
Leng, Taiyang
Chen, Fei
author_facet Wei, Zichun
He, Jiarui
Wang, Conghui
Bao, Jiaqi
Leng, Taiyang
Chen, Fei
author_sort Wei, Zichun
collection PubMed
description Omicron (B.1.1.529) was first detected in a sample collected in Botswana on November 11, 2021, and has rapidly replaced Delta as the dominant global variant given the robust transmissibility. Moreover, it displays a lower virulence than other variants. However, the pathogenicity of Omicron appears to be underestimated in view of the increasing levels of herd immunity through natural infection or vaccination. Additionally, the volume of hospitalizations and deaths increase in proportion to the number of cases due to the high transmissibility of Omicron. Therefore, vaccination remains an important public health priority. Notably, a series of important mutations in the Omicron spike protein, especially in the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain, appears to be associated with immune escape capacity, reducing the willingness of people to receive vaccines. Herein, we provide an in-depth discussion to assess the effectiveness of the second and third vaccination against Omicron variant. On the one hand, the two-dose vaccination program adopted by many countries is insufficient to prevent Omicron infection given the mutations correlated with immune escape and the decline in vaccine efficacy over time. On the other hand, booster dose significantly increases the protective efficacy against Omicron infection. Most importantly, heterologous third dose vaccination induces a more robust immune response than homologous booster dose. Therefore, under the special background of this pandemic, there is an urgent need to accelerate the third dose of vaccination, especially providing better booster vaccination strategies, to combat emerging Omicron variant.
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spelling pubmed-94982152022-09-23 The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave Wei, Zichun He, Jiarui Wang, Conghui Bao, Jiaqi Leng, Taiyang Chen, Fei Front Immunol Immunology Omicron (B.1.1.529) was first detected in a sample collected in Botswana on November 11, 2021, and has rapidly replaced Delta as the dominant global variant given the robust transmissibility. Moreover, it displays a lower virulence than other variants. However, the pathogenicity of Omicron appears to be underestimated in view of the increasing levels of herd immunity through natural infection or vaccination. Additionally, the volume of hospitalizations and deaths increase in proportion to the number of cases due to the high transmissibility of Omicron. Therefore, vaccination remains an important public health priority. Notably, a series of important mutations in the Omicron spike protein, especially in the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain, appears to be associated with immune escape capacity, reducing the willingness of people to receive vaccines. Herein, we provide an in-depth discussion to assess the effectiveness of the second and third vaccination against Omicron variant. On the one hand, the two-dose vaccination program adopted by many countries is insufficient to prevent Omicron infection given the mutations correlated with immune escape and the decline in vaccine efficacy over time. On the other hand, booster dose significantly increases the protective efficacy against Omicron infection. Most importantly, heterologous third dose vaccination induces a more robust immune response than homologous booster dose. Therefore, under the special background of this pandemic, there is an urgent need to accelerate the third dose of vaccination, especially providing better booster vaccination strategies, to combat emerging Omicron variant. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9498215/ /pubmed/36159796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.977972 Text en Copyright © 2022 Wei, He, Wang, Bao, Leng and Chen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Wei, Zichun
He, Jiarui
Wang, Conghui
Bao, Jiaqi
Leng, Taiyang
Chen, Fei
The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave
title The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave
title_full The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave
title_fullStr The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave
title_full_unstemmed The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave
title_short The importance of booster vaccination in the context of Omicron wave
title_sort importance of booster vaccination in the context of omicron wave
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36159796
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.977972
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