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The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus
Millipedes (Diplopoda) comprise one of the most important groups of large soil arthropods in terrestrial ecosystems; however, their phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood. Herein, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Spirobolus bungii was sequenced and annotated, which was 14,879 bp in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498733/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36140755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13091587 |
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author | Xu, Hanmei Fang, Yu Cao, Guohua Shen, Caiqin Liu, Hongyi Ruan, Honghua |
author_facet | Xu, Hanmei Fang, Yu Cao, Guohua Shen, Caiqin Liu, Hongyi Ruan, Honghua |
author_sort | Xu, Hanmei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Millipedes (Diplopoda) comprise one of the most important groups of large soil arthropods in terrestrial ecosystems; however, their phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood. Herein, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Spirobolus bungii was sequenced and annotated, which was 14,879 bp in size and included 37 typical mitochondrial genes (13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs)). Most of the 13 PCGs had ATN (AT/A/T/G) as the start codon except for COX1, which used CGA, and most PCGs ended with the T end codon. By comparing the gene arrangements of the mitogenomes among Diplopoda species, rearrangement occurred between and within orders. In contrast to Narceus annularus, the mitogenome genes of S. bungii had consistent orders but were transcribed in completely opposite directions, which was a novel finding in Spirobolidae. Moreover, the phylogenetic relationships within Diplopoda, which were based on the sequences of 13 PCGs, showed that S. bungii was clustered with N. annularus, followed by Abacion magmun. This indicated that there might be a close relationship between Callipodida and Spirobolida. These results could contribute to further studies on the genetics and evolutionary processes of S. bungii and other Diplopoda species. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9498733 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94987332022-09-23 The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus Xu, Hanmei Fang, Yu Cao, Guohua Shen, Caiqin Liu, Hongyi Ruan, Honghua Genes (Basel) Article Millipedes (Diplopoda) comprise one of the most important groups of large soil arthropods in terrestrial ecosystems; however, their phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood. Herein, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Spirobolus bungii was sequenced and annotated, which was 14,879 bp in size and included 37 typical mitochondrial genes (13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs)). Most of the 13 PCGs had ATN (AT/A/T/G) as the start codon except for COX1, which used CGA, and most PCGs ended with the T end codon. By comparing the gene arrangements of the mitogenomes among Diplopoda species, rearrangement occurred between and within orders. In contrast to Narceus annularus, the mitogenome genes of S. bungii had consistent orders but were transcribed in completely opposite directions, which was a novel finding in Spirobolidae. Moreover, the phylogenetic relationships within Diplopoda, which were based on the sequences of 13 PCGs, showed that S. bungii was clustered with N. annularus, followed by Abacion magmun. This indicated that there might be a close relationship between Callipodida and Spirobolida. These results could contribute to further studies on the genetics and evolutionary processes of S. bungii and other Diplopoda species. MDPI 2022-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9498733/ /pubmed/36140755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13091587 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Xu, Hanmei Fang, Yu Cao, Guohua Shen, Caiqin Liu, Hongyi Ruan, Honghua The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus |
title | The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus |
title_full | The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus |
title_fullStr | The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus |
title_full_unstemmed | The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus |
title_short | The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Spirobolus bungii (Diplopoda, Spirobolidae): The First Sequence for the Genus Spirobolus |
title_sort | complete mitochondrial genome of spirobolus bungii (diplopoda, spirobolidae): the first sequence for the genus spirobolus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498733/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36140755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13091587 |
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