Cargando…
Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains
Insect infestation of cereal grains during post-harvest storage not only causes significant grain loss, but also reduces grain quality and makes grains more susceptible to mold infection. Synthetic pesticides are banned from being used in organic grain storage setting due to their high toxicity. The...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498902/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36141033 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182907 |
_version_ | 1784794875729805312 |
---|---|
author | Eesiah, Sawo Yu, Jianmei Dingha, Beatrice Amoah, Barbara Mikiashvili, Nona |
author_facet | Eesiah, Sawo Yu, Jianmei Dingha, Beatrice Amoah, Barbara Mikiashvili, Nona |
author_sort | Eesiah, Sawo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Insect infestation of cereal grains during post-harvest storage not only causes significant grain loss, but also reduces grain quality and makes grains more susceptible to mold infection. Synthetic pesticides are banned from being used in organic grain storage setting due to their high toxicity. The main insect damaging stored corn grains is maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The purpose of this study was to evaluate insect repellency and insecticidal potentials of some generally recognized as safe (GRAS) essential oils (EOs) (including cinnamon, clove, thyme, oregano, and orange terpene oils) at concentrations of 1–20% against the maize weevil using an olfactometer and a simulated fumigation method, respectively. The olfactory tests show that cinnamon oil had the highest repellency (90%) to the weevils among the EOs tested. The insecticidal activity study indicates that maize weevil mortality increased with EO concentration and storage time with cinnamon, clove, and thyme oils being more effective. No weevil death was observed at 1% EOs; weevil mortality was 3.3–36% at 5%, which varied with the type of EO and storage time. At 10% or higher concentrations, all tested EO showed comparable or higher insecticidal activity than pirimiphos methyl-positive control at its recommended concentration (5 mg/kg corn). No significant increase in weevil mortality was observed with further increase in EO concentration, with exceptions of oregano oil and thyme oil. The highest weevil mortality levels were observed at week 7 for 15% cinnamon oil (100%) and eugenol (100%), followed by 20% thyme oil (93%). The study indicates that some EOs have great potential to serve as synthetic insecticide alternatives to protect organic corn grains from maize weevil damage during storage. This is important to food security, safety and environmental health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9498902 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94989022022-09-23 Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains Eesiah, Sawo Yu, Jianmei Dingha, Beatrice Amoah, Barbara Mikiashvili, Nona Foods Article Insect infestation of cereal grains during post-harvest storage not only causes significant grain loss, but also reduces grain quality and makes grains more susceptible to mold infection. Synthetic pesticides are banned from being used in organic grain storage setting due to their high toxicity. The main insect damaging stored corn grains is maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The purpose of this study was to evaluate insect repellency and insecticidal potentials of some generally recognized as safe (GRAS) essential oils (EOs) (including cinnamon, clove, thyme, oregano, and orange terpene oils) at concentrations of 1–20% against the maize weevil using an olfactometer and a simulated fumigation method, respectively. The olfactory tests show that cinnamon oil had the highest repellency (90%) to the weevils among the EOs tested. The insecticidal activity study indicates that maize weevil mortality increased with EO concentration and storage time with cinnamon, clove, and thyme oils being more effective. No weevil death was observed at 1% EOs; weevil mortality was 3.3–36% at 5%, which varied with the type of EO and storage time. At 10% or higher concentrations, all tested EO showed comparable or higher insecticidal activity than pirimiphos methyl-positive control at its recommended concentration (5 mg/kg corn). No significant increase in weevil mortality was observed with further increase in EO concentration, with exceptions of oregano oil and thyme oil. The highest weevil mortality levels were observed at week 7 for 15% cinnamon oil (100%) and eugenol (100%), followed by 20% thyme oil (93%). The study indicates that some EOs have great potential to serve as synthetic insecticide alternatives to protect organic corn grains from maize weevil damage during storage. This is important to food security, safety and environmental health. MDPI 2022-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9498902/ /pubmed/36141033 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182907 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Eesiah, Sawo Yu, Jianmei Dingha, Beatrice Amoah, Barbara Mikiashvili, Nona Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains |
title | Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains |
title_full | Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains |
title_fullStr | Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains |
title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains |
title_short | Preliminary Assessment of Repellency and Toxicity of Essential Oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Stored Organic Corn Grains |
title_sort | preliminary assessment of repellency and toxicity of essential oils against sitophilus zeamais motschulsky (coleoptera: curculionidae) on stored organic corn grains |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498902/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36141033 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182907 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT eesiahsawo preliminaryassessmentofrepellencyandtoxicityofessentialoilsagainstsitophiluszeamaismotschulskycoleopteracurculionidaeonstoredorganiccorngrains AT yujianmei preliminaryassessmentofrepellencyandtoxicityofessentialoilsagainstsitophiluszeamaismotschulskycoleopteracurculionidaeonstoredorganiccorngrains AT dinghabeatrice preliminaryassessmentofrepellencyandtoxicityofessentialoilsagainstsitophiluszeamaismotschulskycoleopteracurculionidaeonstoredorganiccorngrains AT amoahbarbara preliminaryassessmentofrepellencyandtoxicityofessentialoilsagainstsitophiluszeamaismotschulskycoleopteracurculionidaeonstoredorganiccorngrains AT mikiashvilinona preliminaryassessmentofrepellencyandtoxicityofessentialoilsagainstsitophiluszeamaismotschulskycoleopteracurculionidaeonstoredorganiccorngrains |