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Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized as sustained damage to the renal parenchyma, leading to impaired renal functions and gradually progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are underlying diseases of CKD. Genetic background, lifest...

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Autores principales: Scharf, Pablo, Rizzetto, Felipe, Xavier, Luana Filippi, Farsky, Sandra Helena Poliselli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36142207
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810293
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author Scharf, Pablo
Rizzetto, Felipe
Xavier, Luana Filippi
Farsky, Sandra Helena Poliselli
author_facet Scharf, Pablo
Rizzetto, Felipe
Xavier, Luana Filippi
Farsky, Sandra Helena Poliselli
author_sort Scharf, Pablo
collection PubMed
description Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized as sustained damage to the renal parenchyma, leading to impaired renal functions and gradually progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are underlying diseases of CKD. Genetic background, lifestyle, and xenobiotic exposures can favor CKD onset and trigger its underlying diseases. Cigarette smoking (CS) is a known modified risk factor for CKD. Compounds from tobacco combustion act through multi-mediated mechanisms that impair renal function. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) consumption, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco devices, is growing worldwide. ENDS release mainly nicotine, humectants, and flavorings, which generate several byproducts when heated, including volatile organic compounds and ultrafine particles. The toxicity assessment of these products is emerging in human and experimental studies, but data are yet incipient to achieve truthful conclusions about their safety. To build up the knowledge about the effect of currently employed ENDS on the pathogenesis of CKD, cellular and molecular mechanisms of ENDS xenobiotic on DM, AH, and kidney functions were reviewed. Unraveling the toxic mechanisms of action and endpoints of ENDS exposures will contribute to the risk assessment and implementation of proper health and regulatory interventions.
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spelling pubmed-94989822022-09-23 Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease Scharf, Pablo Rizzetto, Felipe Xavier, Luana Filippi Farsky, Sandra Helena Poliselli Int J Mol Sci Review Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized as sustained damage to the renal parenchyma, leading to impaired renal functions and gradually progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are underlying diseases of CKD. Genetic background, lifestyle, and xenobiotic exposures can favor CKD onset and trigger its underlying diseases. Cigarette smoking (CS) is a known modified risk factor for CKD. Compounds from tobacco combustion act through multi-mediated mechanisms that impair renal function. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) consumption, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco devices, is growing worldwide. ENDS release mainly nicotine, humectants, and flavorings, which generate several byproducts when heated, including volatile organic compounds and ultrafine particles. The toxicity assessment of these products is emerging in human and experimental studies, but data are yet incipient to achieve truthful conclusions about their safety. To build up the knowledge about the effect of currently employed ENDS on the pathogenesis of CKD, cellular and molecular mechanisms of ENDS xenobiotic on DM, AH, and kidney functions were reviewed. Unraveling the toxic mechanisms of action and endpoints of ENDS exposures will contribute to the risk assessment and implementation of proper health and regulatory interventions. MDPI 2022-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9498982/ /pubmed/36142207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810293 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Scharf, Pablo
Rizzetto, Felipe
Xavier, Luana Filippi
Farsky, Sandra Helena Poliselli
Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease
title Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease
title_full Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease
title_fullStr Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease
title_full_unstemmed Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease
title_short Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease
title_sort xenobiotics delivered by electronic nicotine delivery systems: potential cellular and molecular mechanisms on the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9498982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36142207
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810293
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