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Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea
Archaea constitute the third domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes given their ability to tolerate extreme environments. To survive these harsh conditions, certain archaeal lineages possess unique genetic code systems to encode either selenocysteine or pyrrolysine, rare amino acids n...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36160229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1007832 |
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author | Meng, Kexin Chung, Christina Z. Söll, Dieter Krahn, Natalie |
author_facet | Meng, Kexin Chung, Christina Z. Söll, Dieter Krahn, Natalie |
author_sort | Meng, Kexin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Archaea constitute the third domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes given their ability to tolerate extreme environments. To survive these harsh conditions, certain archaeal lineages possess unique genetic code systems to encode either selenocysteine or pyrrolysine, rare amino acids not found in all organisms. Furthermore, archaea utilize alternate tRNA-dependent pathways to biosynthesize and incorporate members of the 20 canonical amino acids. Recent discoveries of new archaeal species have revealed the co-occurrence of these genetic code systems within a single lineage. This review discusses the diverse genetic code systems of archaea, while detailing the associated biochemical elements and molecular mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9499178 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94991782022-09-23 Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea Meng, Kexin Chung, Christina Z. Söll, Dieter Krahn, Natalie Front Microbiol Microbiology Archaea constitute the third domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes given their ability to tolerate extreme environments. To survive these harsh conditions, certain archaeal lineages possess unique genetic code systems to encode either selenocysteine or pyrrolysine, rare amino acids not found in all organisms. Furthermore, archaea utilize alternate tRNA-dependent pathways to biosynthesize and incorporate members of the 20 canonical amino acids. Recent discoveries of new archaeal species have revealed the co-occurrence of these genetic code systems within a single lineage. This review discusses the diverse genetic code systems of archaea, while detailing the associated biochemical elements and molecular mechanisms. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9499178/ /pubmed/36160229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1007832 Text en Copyright © 2022 Meng, Chung, Söll and Krahn. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Meng, Kexin Chung, Christina Z. Söll, Dieter Krahn, Natalie Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
title | Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
title_full | Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
title_fullStr | Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
title_full_unstemmed | Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
title_short | Unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
title_sort | unconventional genetic code systems in archaea |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36160229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1007832 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mengkexin unconventionalgeneticcodesystemsinarchaea AT chungchristinaz unconventionalgeneticcodesystemsinarchaea AT solldieter unconventionalgeneticcodesystemsinarchaea AT krahnnatalie unconventionalgeneticcodesystemsinarchaea |