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Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic

Imposition of social and health behavior mitigations are important control measures in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although postulated that these measures may impact the human microbiota incl...

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Autores principales: Li, Kelvin, Methé, Barbara A., Fitch, Adam, Gentry, Heather, Kessinger, Cathy, Patel, Asha, Petraglia, Vickie, Swamy, Pruthvi, Morris, Alison
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36159641
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.966361
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author Li, Kelvin
Methé, Barbara A.
Fitch, Adam
Gentry, Heather
Kessinger, Cathy
Patel, Asha
Petraglia, Vickie
Swamy, Pruthvi
Morris, Alison
author_facet Li, Kelvin
Methé, Barbara A.
Fitch, Adam
Gentry, Heather
Kessinger, Cathy
Patel, Asha
Petraglia, Vickie
Swamy, Pruthvi
Morris, Alison
author_sort Li, Kelvin
collection PubMed
description Imposition of social and health behavior mitigations are important control measures in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although postulated that these measures may impact the human microbiota including losses in diversity from heightened hygiene and social distancing measures, this hypothesis remains to be tested. Other impacts on the microbiota and host mental and physical health status associations from these measures are also not well-studied. Here we examine changes in stool and oral microbiota by analyzing 16S rRNA gene sequence taxonomic profiles from the same individuals during pre-pandemic (before March 2020) and early pandemic (May-November 2020) phases. During the early pandemic phase, individuals were also surveyed using questionnaires to report health histories, anxiety, depression, sleep and other lifestyle behaviors in a cohort of predominantly Caucasian adults (mean age = 61.5 years) with the majority reporting at least one underlying co-morbidity. We identified changes in microbiota (stool n = 288; oral n = 89) between pre-pandemic and early pandemic time points from the same subject and associated these differences with questionnaire responses using linear statistical models and hierarchical clustering of microbiota composition coupled to logistic regression. While a trend in loss of diversity was identified between pre-pandemic and early pandemic time points it was not statistically significant. Paired difference analyses between individuals identified fewer significant changes between pre-pandemic and early pandemic microbiota in those who reported fewer comorbidities. Cluster transition analyses of stool and saliva microbiota determined most individuals remained in the same cluster assignments from the pre-pandemic to early pandemic period. Individuals with microbiota that shifted in composition, causing them to depart a pre-pandemic cluster, reported more health issues and pandemic-associated worries. Collectively, our study identified that stool and saliva microbiota from the pre-pandemic to early pandemic periods largely exhibited ecological stability (especially stool microbiota) with most associations in loss of diversity or changes in composition related to more reported health issues and pandemic-associated worries. Longitudinal observational cohorts are necessary to monitor the microbiome in response to pandemics and changes in public health measures.
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spelling pubmed-95005092022-09-24 Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic Li, Kelvin Methé, Barbara A. Fitch, Adam Gentry, Heather Kessinger, Cathy Patel, Asha Petraglia, Vickie Swamy, Pruthvi Morris, Alison Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Imposition of social and health behavior mitigations are important control measures in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although postulated that these measures may impact the human microbiota including losses in diversity from heightened hygiene and social distancing measures, this hypothesis remains to be tested. Other impacts on the microbiota and host mental and physical health status associations from these measures are also not well-studied. Here we examine changes in stool and oral microbiota by analyzing 16S rRNA gene sequence taxonomic profiles from the same individuals during pre-pandemic (before March 2020) and early pandemic (May-November 2020) phases. During the early pandemic phase, individuals were also surveyed using questionnaires to report health histories, anxiety, depression, sleep and other lifestyle behaviors in a cohort of predominantly Caucasian adults (mean age = 61.5 years) with the majority reporting at least one underlying co-morbidity. We identified changes in microbiota (stool n = 288; oral n = 89) between pre-pandemic and early pandemic time points from the same subject and associated these differences with questionnaire responses using linear statistical models and hierarchical clustering of microbiota composition coupled to logistic regression. While a trend in loss of diversity was identified between pre-pandemic and early pandemic time points it was not statistically significant. Paired difference analyses between individuals identified fewer significant changes between pre-pandemic and early pandemic microbiota in those who reported fewer comorbidities. Cluster transition analyses of stool and saliva microbiota determined most individuals remained in the same cluster assignments from the pre-pandemic to early pandemic period. Individuals with microbiota that shifted in composition, causing them to depart a pre-pandemic cluster, reported more health issues and pandemic-associated worries. Collectively, our study identified that stool and saliva microbiota from the pre-pandemic to early pandemic periods largely exhibited ecological stability (especially stool microbiota) with most associations in loss of diversity or changes in composition related to more reported health issues and pandemic-associated worries. Longitudinal observational cohorts are necessary to monitor the microbiome in response to pandemics and changes in public health measures. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9500509/ /pubmed/36159641 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.966361 Text en Copyright © 2022 Li, Methé, Fitch, Gentry, Kessinger, Patel, Petraglia, Swamy and Morris https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Li, Kelvin
Methé, Barbara A.
Fitch, Adam
Gentry, Heather
Kessinger, Cathy
Patel, Asha
Petraglia, Vickie
Swamy, Pruthvi
Morris, Alison
Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
title Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_short Gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort gut and oral microbiota associations with viral mitigation behaviors during the covid-19 pandemic
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36159641
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.966361
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