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Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing
Wounds are the most common causes of mortality all over the world. Topical drug delivery systems are more efficient in treating wounds as compared to oral delivery systems because they bypass the disadvantages of the oral route. The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate in vitro in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500607/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36145720 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091971 |
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author | Rehman, Anis Iqbal, Muhammad Khan, Barkat A. Khan, Muhammad Khalid Huwaimel, Bader Alshehri, Sameer Alamri, Ali H. Alzhrani, Rami M. Bukhary, Deena M. Safhi, Awaji Y. Hosny, Khaled M. |
author_facet | Rehman, Anis Iqbal, Muhammad Khan, Barkat A. Khan, Muhammad Khalid Huwaimel, Bader Alshehri, Sameer Alamri, Ali H. Alzhrani, Rami M. Bukhary, Deena M. Safhi, Awaji Y. Hosny, Khaled M. |
author_sort | Rehman, Anis |
collection | PubMed |
description | Wounds are the most common causes of mortality all over the world. Topical drug delivery systems are more efficient in treating wounds as compared to oral delivery systems because they bypass the disadvantages of the oral route. The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate in vitro in vivo nanoemulgels loaded with eucalyptol for wound healing. Nanoemulsions were prepared using the solvent emulsification diffusion method by mixing an aqueous phase and an oil phase, and a nanoemulgel was then fabricated by mixing nanoemulsions with a gelling agent (Carbopol 940) in a 1:1 ratio. The nanoemulgels were evaluated regarding stability, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release, and in vivo study. The optimized formulation, F5, exhibited pH values between 5 and 6, with no significant variations at different temperatures, and acceptable homogeneity and spreadability. F5 had a droplet size of 139 ± 5.8 nm, with a low polydispersity index. FTIR studies showed the compatibility of the drug with the excipients. The drug content of F5 was 94.81%. The percentage of wound contraction of the experimental, standard, and control groups were 100% ± 0.015, 98.170% ± 0.749, and 70.846% ± 0.830, respectively. Statistically, the experimental group showed a significant difference (p < 0.03) from the other two groups. The results suggest that the formulated optimized dosage showed optimum stability, and it can be considered an effective wound healing alternative. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9500607 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95006072022-09-24 Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing Rehman, Anis Iqbal, Muhammad Khan, Barkat A. Khan, Muhammad Khalid Huwaimel, Bader Alshehri, Sameer Alamri, Ali H. Alzhrani, Rami M. Bukhary, Deena M. Safhi, Awaji Y. Hosny, Khaled M. Pharmaceutics Article Wounds are the most common causes of mortality all over the world. Topical drug delivery systems are more efficient in treating wounds as compared to oral delivery systems because they bypass the disadvantages of the oral route. The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate in vitro in vivo nanoemulgels loaded with eucalyptol for wound healing. Nanoemulsions were prepared using the solvent emulsification diffusion method by mixing an aqueous phase and an oil phase, and a nanoemulgel was then fabricated by mixing nanoemulsions with a gelling agent (Carbopol 940) in a 1:1 ratio. The nanoemulgels were evaluated regarding stability, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release, and in vivo study. The optimized formulation, F5, exhibited pH values between 5 and 6, with no significant variations at different temperatures, and acceptable homogeneity and spreadability. F5 had a droplet size of 139 ± 5.8 nm, with a low polydispersity index. FTIR studies showed the compatibility of the drug with the excipients. The drug content of F5 was 94.81%. The percentage of wound contraction of the experimental, standard, and control groups were 100% ± 0.015, 98.170% ± 0.749, and 70.846% ± 0.830, respectively. Statistically, the experimental group showed a significant difference (p < 0.03) from the other two groups. The results suggest that the formulated optimized dosage showed optimum stability, and it can be considered an effective wound healing alternative. MDPI 2022-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9500607/ /pubmed/36145720 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091971 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rehman, Anis Iqbal, Muhammad Khan, Barkat A. Khan, Muhammad Khalid Huwaimel, Bader Alshehri, Sameer Alamri, Ali H. Alzhrani, Rami M. Bukhary, Deena M. Safhi, Awaji Y. Hosny, Khaled M. Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing |
title | Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing |
title_full | Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing |
title_fullStr | Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing |
title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing |
title_short | Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing |
title_sort | fabrication, in vitro, and in vivo assessment of eucalyptol-loaded nanoemulgel as a novel paradigm for wound healing |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500607/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36145720 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091971 |
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