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Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines?
(1) Background: The monkeypox virus (MPV) is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. It was called monkeypox because it was first discovered in monkeys, in a Danish laboratory, in 1958. However, the actual reservoir for MPV...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500691/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36146497 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091419 |
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author | Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Reda, Abdullah Lashin, Basant Ismail Katamesh, Basant E. Brakat, Aml M. AL-Manaseer, Balqees Mahmoud Kaur, Sayanika Asija, Ankush Patel, Nimesh K. Basnyat, Soney Rabaan, Ali A. Alhumaid, Saad Albayat, Hawra Aljeldah, Mohammed Shammari, Basim R. Al Al-Najjar, Amal H. Al-Jassem, Ahmed K. AlShurbaji, Sultan T. Alshahrani, Fatimah S. Alynbiawi, Ahlam Alfaraj, Zainab H. Alfaraj, Duaa H. Aldawood, Ahmed H. Sedhai, Yub Raj Mumbo, Victoria Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. Sah, Ranjit |
author_facet | Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Reda, Abdullah Lashin, Basant Ismail Katamesh, Basant E. Brakat, Aml M. AL-Manaseer, Balqees Mahmoud Kaur, Sayanika Asija, Ankush Patel, Nimesh K. Basnyat, Soney Rabaan, Ali A. Alhumaid, Saad Albayat, Hawra Aljeldah, Mohammed Shammari, Basim R. Al Al-Najjar, Amal H. Al-Jassem, Ahmed K. AlShurbaji, Sultan T. Alshahrani, Fatimah S. Alynbiawi, Ahlam Alfaraj, Zainab H. Alfaraj, Duaa H. Aldawood, Ahmed H. Sedhai, Yub Raj Mumbo, Victoria Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. Sah, Ranjit |
author_sort | Abdelaal, Abdelaziz |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: The monkeypox virus (MPV) is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. It was called monkeypox because it was first discovered in monkeys, in a Danish laboratory, in 1958. However, the actual reservoir for MPV is still unknown. (2) Methods and Results: We have reviewed the existing literature on the options for Monkeypox virus. There are three available vaccines for orthopoxviruses—ACAM2000, JYNNEOS, and LC16—with the first being a replicating vaccine and the latter being non- or minimally replicating. (3) Conclusions: Smallpox vaccinations previously provided coincidental immunity to MPV. ACAM2000 (a live-attenuated replicating vaccine) and JYNNEOS (a live-attenuated, nonreplicating vaccine) are two US FDA-approved vaccines that can prevent monkeypox. However, ACAM2000 may cause serious side effects, including cardiac problems, whereas JYNNEOS is associated with fewer complications. The recent outbreaks across the globe have once again highlighted the need for constant monitoring and the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic modalities. Based on available data, there is still a need to develop an effective and safe new generation of vaccines specific for monkeypox that are killed or developed into a mRNA vaccine before monkeypox is declared a pandemic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9500691 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95006912022-09-24 Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Reda, Abdullah Lashin, Basant Ismail Katamesh, Basant E. Brakat, Aml M. AL-Manaseer, Balqees Mahmoud Kaur, Sayanika Asija, Ankush Patel, Nimesh K. Basnyat, Soney Rabaan, Ali A. Alhumaid, Saad Albayat, Hawra Aljeldah, Mohammed Shammari, Basim R. Al Al-Najjar, Amal H. Al-Jassem, Ahmed K. AlShurbaji, Sultan T. Alshahrani, Fatimah S. Alynbiawi, Ahlam Alfaraj, Zainab H. Alfaraj, Duaa H. Aldawood, Ahmed H. Sedhai, Yub Raj Mumbo, Victoria Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. Sah, Ranjit Vaccines (Basel) Review (1) Background: The monkeypox virus (MPV) is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. It was called monkeypox because it was first discovered in monkeys, in a Danish laboratory, in 1958. However, the actual reservoir for MPV is still unknown. (2) Methods and Results: We have reviewed the existing literature on the options for Monkeypox virus. There are three available vaccines for orthopoxviruses—ACAM2000, JYNNEOS, and LC16—with the first being a replicating vaccine and the latter being non- or minimally replicating. (3) Conclusions: Smallpox vaccinations previously provided coincidental immunity to MPV. ACAM2000 (a live-attenuated replicating vaccine) and JYNNEOS (a live-attenuated, nonreplicating vaccine) are two US FDA-approved vaccines that can prevent monkeypox. However, ACAM2000 may cause serious side effects, including cardiac problems, whereas JYNNEOS is associated with fewer complications. The recent outbreaks across the globe have once again highlighted the need for constant monitoring and the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic modalities. Based on available data, there is still a need to develop an effective and safe new generation of vaccines specific for monkeypox that are killed or developed into a mRNA vaccine before monkeypox is declared a pandemic. MDPI 2022-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9500691/ /pubmed/36146497 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091419 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Reda, Abdullah Lashin, Basant Ismail Katamesh, Basant E. Brakat, Aml M. AL-Manaseer, Balqees Mahmoud Kaur, Sayanika Asija, Ankush Patel, Nimesh K. Basnyat, Soney Rabaan, Ali A. Alhumaid, Saad Albayat, Hawra Aljeldah, Mohammed Shammari, Basim R. Al Al-Najjar, Amal H. Al-Jassem, Ahmed K. AlShurbaji, Sultan T. Alshahrani, Fatimah S. Alynbiawi, Ahlam Alfaraj, Zainab H. Alfaraj, Duaa H. Aldawood, Ahmed H. Sedhai, Yub Raj Mumbo, Victoria Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. Sah, Ranjit Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? |
title | Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? |
title_full | Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? |
title_fullStr | Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? |
title_full_unstemmed | Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? |
title_short | Preventing the Next Pandemic: Is Live Vaccine Efficacious against Monkeypox, or Is There a Need for Killed Virus and mRNA Vaccines? |
title_sort | preventing the next pandemic: is live vaccine efficacious against monkeypox, or is there a need for killed virus and mrna vaccines? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500691/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36146497 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091419 |
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