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Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania

Diabetes is characterized by an increased rate of serum glucose due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both conditions. Glucose excesses can lead to extended cellular damage, with the consequence of several infectious and non-infectious skin disorders. The aim of the present study wa...

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Autores principales: Trovato, Laura, Calvo, Maddalena, De Pasquale, Rocco, Scalia, Guido, Oliveri, Salvatore
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135647
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8090922
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author Trovato, Laura
Calvo, Maddalena
De Pasquale, Rocco
Scalia, Guido
Oliveri, Salvatore
author_facet Trovato, Laura
Calvo, Maddalena
De Pasquale, Rocco
Scalia, Guido
Oliveri, Salvatore
author_sort Trovato, Laura
collection PubMed
description Diabetes is characterized by an increased rate of serum glucose due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both conditions. Glucose excesses can lead to extended cellular damage, with the consequence of several infectious and non-infectious skin disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toenail onychomycosis incidence in diabetic patients and healthy ones. The non-interventional, retrospective study was performed at the mycology laboratory of the University hospital “Policlinico-San Marco” in Catania, Italy, for over one year. Nail clippings were collected to perform microscopic and cultural exams, which allowed for the identification of fungal aetiological agents. A total of 715 patients (47 diabetic and 668 non-diabetic patients) were enrolled. In diabetic patients, dermatophytes were the most common cultural isolates (50%), followed by yeasts and moulds in 30.8% and 19.2%, respectively. In non-diabetic patients, the distribution of dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophytic moulds was 67.4%, 5.3% and 27.3%, respectively. According to our results, diabetic patients are more predisposed to nail fungal infection. Our data suggest that dermatological follow-ups should always be performed for diabetic patients. All skin and nail disorders should be carefully monitored to perform a diagnostic confirmation and correct management of diabetic patients.
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spelling pubmed-95009272022-09-24 Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania Trovato, Laura Calvo, Maddalena De Pasquale, Rocco Scalia, Guido Oliveri, Salvatore J Fungi (Basel) Article Diabetes is characterized by an increased rate of serum glucose due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both conditions. Glucose excesses can lead to extended cellular damage, with the consequence of several infectious and non-infectious skin disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toenail onychomycosis incidence in diabetic patients and healthy ones. The non-interventional, retrospective study was performed at the mycology laboratory of the University hospital “Policlinico-San Marco” in Catania, Italy, for over one year. Nail clippings were collected to perform microscopic and cultural exams, which allowed for the identification of fungal aetiological agents. A total of 715 patients (47 diabetic and 668 non-diabetic patients) were enrolled. In diabetic patients, dermatophytes were the most common cultural isolates (50%), followed by yeasts and moulds in 30.8% and 19.2%, respectively. In non-diabetic patients, the distribution of dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophytic moulds was 67.4%, 5.3% and 27.3%, respectively. According to our results, diabetic patients are more predisposed to nail fungal infection. Our data suggest that dermatological follow-ups should always be performed for diabetic patients. All skin and nail disorders should be carefully monitored to perform a diagnostic confirmation and correct management of diabetic patients. MDPI 2022-08-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9500927/ /pubmed/36135647 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8090922 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Trovato, Laura
Calvo, Maddalena
De Pasquale, Rocco
Scalia, Guido
Oliveri, Salvatore
Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania
title Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania
title_full Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania
title_fullStr Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania
title_short Prevalence of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study Performed at University Hospital Policlinico in Catania
title_sort prevalence of onychomycosis in diabetic patients: a case-control study performed at university hospital policlinico in catania
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9500927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135647
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8090922
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