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Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix

The lack of gravitational loading is a pivotal risk factor during space flights. Biomedical studies indicate that because of the prolonged effect of microgravity, humans experience bone mass loss, muscle atrophy, cardiovascular insufficiency, and sensory motor coordination disorders. These findings...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Andreeva, Elena, Matveeva, Diana, Zhidkova, Olga, Zhivodernikov, Ivan, Kotov, Oleg, Buravkova, Ludmila
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9501067/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36143379
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091343
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author Andreeva, Elena
Matveeva, Diana
Zhidkova, Olga
Zhivodernikov, Ivan
Kotov, Oleg
Buravkova, Ludmila
author_facet Andreeva, Elena
Matveeva, Diana
Zhidkova, Olga
Zhivodernikov, Ivan
Kotov, Oleg
Buravkova, Ludmila
author_sort Andreeva, Elena
collection PubMed
description The lack of gravitational loading is a pivotal risk factor during space flights. Biomedical studies indicate that because of the prolonged effect of microgravity, humans experience bone mass loss, muscle atrophy, cardiovascular insufficiency, and sensory motor coordination disorders. These findings demonstrate the essential role of gravity in human health quality. The physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of an acute response to microgravity at various levels (molecular, cellular, tissue, and physiological) and subsequent adaptation are intensively studied. Under the permanent gravity of the Earth, multicellular organisms have developed a multi-component tissue mechanosensitive system which includes cellular (nucleo- and cytoskeleton) and extracellular (extracellular matrix, ECM) “mechanosensory” elements. These compartments are coordinated due to specialized integrin-based protein complexes, forming a distinctive mechanosensitive unit. Under the lack of continuous gravitational loading, this unit becomes a substrate for adaptation processes, acting as a gravisensitive unit. Since the space flight conditions limit large-scale research in space, simulation models on Earth are of particular importance for elucidating the mechanisms that provide a response to microgravity. This review describes current state of art concerning mammalian ECM as a gravisensitive unit component under real and simulated microgravity and discusses the directions of further research in this field.
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spelling pubmed-95010672022-09-24 Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix Andreeva, Elena Matveeva, Diana Zhidkova, Olga Zhivodernikov, Ivan Kotov, Oleg Buravkova, Ludmila Life (Basel) Review The lack of gravitational loading is a pivotal risk factor during space flights. Biomedical studies indicate that because of the prolonged effect of microgravity, humans experience bone mass loss, muscle atrophy, cardiovascular insufficiency, and sensory motor coordination disorders. These findings demonstrate the essential role of gravity in human health quality. The physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of an acute response to microgravity at various levels (molecular, cellular, tissue, and physiological) and subsequent adaptation are intensively studied. Under the permanent gravity of the Earth, multicellular organisms have developed a multi-component tissue mechanosensitive system which includes cellular (nucleo- and cytoskeleton) and extracellular (extracellular matrix, ECM) “mechanosensory” elements. These compartments are coordinated due to specialized integrin-based protein complexes, forming a distinctive mechanosensitive unit. Under the lack of continuous gravitational loading, this unit becomes a substrate for adaptation processes, acting as a gravisensitive unit. Since the space flight conditions limit large-scale research in space, simulation models on Earth are of particular importance for elucidating the mechanisms that provide a response to microgravity. This review describes current state of art concerning mammalian ECM as a gravisensitive unit component under real and simulated microgravity and discusses the directions of further research in this field. MDPI 2022-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9501067/ /pubmed/36143379 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091343 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Andreeva, Elena
Matveeva, Diana
Zhidkova, Olga
Zhivodernikov, Ivan
Kotov, Oleg
Buravkova, Ludmila
Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix
title Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix
title_full Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix
title_fullStr Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix
title_full_unstemmed Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix
title_short Real and Simulated Microgravity: Focus on Mammalian Extracellular Matrix
title_sort real and simulated microgravity: focus on mammalian extracellular matrix
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9501067/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36143379
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091343
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