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Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes

Bacillus cereus, a ubiquitous environmental microorganism known to cause foodborne illness, was isolated from samples taken from imported baby wipes from two different countries. These strains were characterized using a comprehensive molecular approach involving endpoint PCR, whole genome sequencing...

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Autores principales: Carter, Laurenda, Huang, Mei-Chiung J., Han, Kyuyoung, Gangiredla, Jayanthi, Yee, Jenny, Chase, Hannah R., Negrete, Flavia, Tall, Ben D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9502454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36144383
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091779
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author Carter, Laurenda
Huang, Mei-Chiung J.
Han, Kyuyoung
Gangiredla, Jayanthi
Yee, Jenny
Chase, Hannah R.
Negrete, Flavia
Tall, Ben D.
author_facet Carter, Laurenda
Huang, Mei-Chiung J.
Han, Kyuyoung
Gangiredla, Jayanthi
Yee, Jenny
Chase, Hannah R.
Negrete, Flavia
Tall, Ben D.
author_sort Carter, Laurenda
collection PubMed
description Bacillus cereus, a ubiquitous environmental microorganism known to cause foodborne illness, was isolated from samples taken from imported baby wipes from two different countries. These strains were characterized using a comprehensive molecular approach involving endpoint PCR, whole genome sequencing (WGS), comparative genomics, and biochemical analyses. A multiplex endpoint PCR assay was used to identify the enterotoxins: hemolysin BL, nonhemolytic enterotoxin, cytotoxin K, and enterotoxin FM toxin genes. Phylogenetically, the strains clustered into two major groups according to sequence type (ST) and singleton. We used the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) GalaxyTrakr BTyper computational tool to characterize the strains further. As an additional means of characterization, we investigated the possible role of carbohydrate transport systems and their role in nutrient uptake by performing a BLAST analysis of the 40 B. cereus genomes recovered from baby wipes. This study outlines a multifaceted workflow that uses the analysis of enterotoxigenic potential, bioinformatics, genomic diversity, genotype, phenotype, and carbohydrate utilization as a comprehensive strategy to characterize these B. cereus strains isolated from baby wipes and further our understanding of the phylogenetic relatedness of strains associated with baby wipe production facilities that could potentially pose an infection risk to a vulnerable infant population.
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spelling pubmed-95024542022-09-24 Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes Carter, Laurenda Huang, Mei-Chiung J. Han, Kyuyoung Gangiredla, Jayanthi Yee, Jenny Chase, Hannah R. Negrete, Flavia Tall, Ben D. Microorganisms Article Bacillus cereus, a ubiquitous environmental microorganism known to cause foodborne illness, was isolated from samples taken from imported baby wipes from two different countries. These strains were characterized using a comprehensive molecular approach involving endpoint PCR, whole genome sequencing (WGS), comparative genomics, and biochemical analyses. A multiplex endpoint PCR assay was used to identify the enterotoxins: hemolysin BL, nonhemolytic enterotoxin, cytotoxin K, and enterotoxin FM toxin genes. Phylogenetically, the strains clustered into two major groups according to sequence type (ST) and singleton. We used the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) GalaxyTrakr BTyper computational tool to characterize the strains further. As an additional means of characterization, we investigated the possible role of carbohydrate transport systems and their role in nutrient uptake by performing a BLAST analysis of the 40 B. cereus genomes recovered from baby wipes. This study outlines a multifaceted workflow that uses the analysis of enterotoxigenic potential, bioinformatics, genomic diversity, genotype, phenotype, and carbohydrate utilization as a comprehensive strategy to characterize these B. cereus strains isolated from baby wipes and further our understanding of the phylogenetic relatedness of strains associated with baby wipe production facilities that could potentially pose an infection risk to a vulnerable infant population. MDPI 2022-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9502454/ /pubmed/36144383 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091779 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Carter, Laurenda
Huang, Mei-Chiung J.
Han, Kyuyoung
Gangiredla, Jayanthi
Yee, Jenny
Chase, Hannah R.
Negrete, Flavia
Tall, Ben D.
Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes
title Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes
title_full Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes
title_fullStr Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes
title_full_unstemmed Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes
title_short Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Baby Wipes
title_sort characterization and genetic diversity of bacillus cereus strains isolated from baby wipes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9502454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36144383
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091779
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