Temperature-Dependent Absorption of Ternary HfS(2−x)Se(x) 2D Layered Semiconductors

In this study, we present the investigation of optical properties on a series of HfS(2−x)Se(x) crystals with different Se compositions x changing from 0 to 2. We used the chemical-vapor transport method to grow these layered ternary compound semiconductors in bulk form. Their lattice constants and crystal properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. We have performed absorption spectroscopies to determine their optical band-gap energies, which started from 2.012 eV with x = 0, and gradually shifts to 1.219 eV for x = 2. Furthermore, we measured the absorption spectroscopies at different temperatures in the range of 20–300 K to identify the temperature dependence of band-gap energies. The band-gap energies of HfS(2−x)Se(x) were determined from the linear extrapolation method. We have noticed that the band-gap energy may be continuously tuned to the required energy by manipulating the ratio of S and Se. The parameters that describe the temperature influence on the band-gap energy are evaluated and discussed.