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A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat

This two-experiment study aimed to explore habitual and manipulated stance widths on squat biomechanics. In experiment one, 70 lifters completed back squats at 70%, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), and were split into groups (NARROW < 1.06 * greater trochanter width (GTW), MID 1.06–1.18 * GTW and WIDE...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sinclair, Jonathan, Taylor, Paul John, Jones, Bryan, Butters, Bobbie, Bentley, Ian, Edmundson, Christopher James
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9503729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36136391
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10090136
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author Sinclair, Jonathan
Taylor, Paul John
Jones, Bryan
Butters, Bobbie
Bentley, Ian
Edmundson, Christopher James
author_facet Sinclair, Jonathan
Taylor, Paul John
Jones, Bryan
Butters, Bobbie
Bentley, Ian
Edmundson, Christopher James
author_sort Sinclair, Jonathan
collection PubMed
description This two-experiment study aimed to explore habitual and manipulated stance widths on squat biomechanics. In experiment one, 70 lifters completed back squats at 70%, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), and were split into groups (NARROW < 1.06 * greater trochanter width (GTW), MID 1.06–1.18 * GTW and WIDE > 1.37 * GTW) according to their self-selected stance width. In experiment two, 20 lifters performed squats at 70%, 1RM, in three conditions (NARROW, MID and WIDE, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 * GTW). The three-dimensional kinematics were measured using a motion capture system, ground reaction forces (GRF) using a force platform, and the muscle forces using musculoskeletal modelling. In experiment two, the peak power was significantly greater in the NARROW condition, whereas both experiments showed the medial GRF impulse was significantly greater in the WIDE stance. Experiment two showed the NARROW condition significantly increased the quadriceps forces, whereas both experiments showed that the WIDE stance width significantly enhanced the posterior-chain muscle forces. The NARROW condition may improve the high mechanical power movement performance and promote the quadriceps muscle development. Greater stance widths may improve sprint and rapid change-of-direction performance and promote posterior-chain muscle hypertrophy. Whilst it appears that there is not an optimal stance width, these observations can be utilized by strength and conditioning practitioners seeking to maximize training adaptations.
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spelling pubmed-95037292022-09-24 A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat Sinclair, Jonathan Taylor, Paul John Jones, Bryan Butters, Bobbie Bentley, Ian Edmundson, Christopher James Sports (Basel) Article This two-experiment study aimed to explore habitual and manipulated stance widths on squat biomechanics. In experiment one, 70 lifters completed back squats at 70%, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), and were split into groups (NARROW < 1.06 * greater trochanter width (GTW), MID 1.06–1.18 * GTW and WIDE > 1.37 * GTW) according to their self-selected stance width. In experiment two, 20 lifters performed squats at 70%, 1RM, in three conditions (NARROW, MID and WIDE, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 * GTW). The three-dimensional kinematics were measured using a motion capture system, ground reaction forces (GRF) using a force platform, and the muscle forces using musculoskeletal modelling. In experiment two, the peak power was significantly greater in the NARROW condition, whereas both experiments showed the medial GRF impulse was significantly greater in the WIDE stance. Experiment two showed the NARROW condition significantly increased the quadriceps forces, whereas both experiments showed that the WIDE stance width significantly enhanced the posterior-chain muscle forces. The NARROW condition may improve the high mechanical power movement performance and promote the quadriceps muscle development. Greater stance widths may improve sprint and rapid change-of-direction performance and promote posterior-chain muscle hypertrophy. Whilst it appears that there is not an optimal stance width, these observations can be utilized by strength and conditioning practitioners seeking to maximize training adaptations. MDPI 2022-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9503729/ /pubmed/36136391 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10090136 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sinclair, Jonathan
Taylor, Paul John
Jones, Bryan
Butters, Bobbie
Bentley, Ian
Edmundson, Christopher James
A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat
title A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat
title_full A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat
title_fullStr A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat
title_full_unstemmed A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat
title_short A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat
title_sort multi-experiment investigation of the effects stance width on the biomechanics of the barbell squat
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9503729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36136391
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10090136
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