Miramides A–D: Identification of Detoxin-like Depsipeptides after Heterologous Expression of a Hybrid NRPS-PKS Gene Cluster from Streptomyces mirabilis Lu17588

Natural products derived from plants, fungi or bacteria have been used for years in the medicine, agriculture and food industries as they exhibit a variety of beneficial properties, such as antibiotic, antifungal, anticancer, herbicidal and immunosuppressive activities. Compared to synthetic compounds, natural products possess a greater chemical diversity, which is a reason why they are profitable templates for developing pharmaceutical drug candidates and ongoing research on them is inevitable. Performing heterologous expression with unknown gene clusters is the preferred method to activate gene clusters that are not expressed in the wild-type strain under laboratory conditions; thus, this method offers a way to discover new interesting metabolites. Here, we report the gene cluster assembly of a hybrid NRPS-PKS gene cluster from Streptomyces mirabilis Lu17588, which was heterologously expressed in Streptomyces albus Del14. Four new compounds were produced by the obtained strain, which were named miramides A–D. Isolation and structure elucidation revealed similarity of the isolated compounds to the known depsipeptides rimosamides/detoxins.