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Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects
Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects about 1 in 100 newborns and its causes are multifactorial. In the embryo, blood flow within the heart and vasculature is essential for proper heart development, with abnormal blood flow leading to CHD. Here, we discuss how blood flow (hemodynamics) affects hear...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9503889/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9090303 |
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author | Trinidad, Fernando Rubonal, Floyd Rodriguez de Castro, Ignacio Pirzadeh, Ida Gerrah, Rabin Kheradvar, Arash Rugonyi, Sandra |
author_facet | Trinidad, Fernando Rubonal, Floyd Rodriguez de Castro, Ignacio Pirzadeh, Ida Gerrah, Rabin Kheradvar, Arash Rugonyi, Sandra |
author_sort | Trinidad, Fernando |
collection | PubMed |
description | Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects about 1 in 100 newborns and its causes are multifactorial. In the embryo, blood flow within the heart and vasculature is essential for proper heart development, with abnormal blood flow leading to CHD. Here, we discuss how blood flow (hemodynamics) affects heart development from embryonic to fetal stages, and how abnormal blood flow solely can lead to CHD. We emphasize studies performed using avian models of heart development, because those models allow for hemodynamic interventions, in vivo imaging, and follow up, while they closely recapitulate heart defects observed in humans. We conclude with recommendations on investigations that must be performed to bridge the gaps in understanding how blood flow alone, or together with other factors, contributes to CHD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9503889 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95038892022-09-24 Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects Trinidad, Fernando Rubonal, Floyd Rodriguez de Castro, Ignacio Pirzadeh, Ida Gerrah, Rabin Kheradvar, Arash Rugonyi, Sandra J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Review Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects about 1 in 100 newborns and its causes are multifactorial. In the embryo, blood flow within the heart and vasculature is essential for proper heart development, with abnormal blood flow leading to CHD. Here, we discuss how blood flow (hemodynamics) affects heart development from embryonic to fetal stages, and how abnormal blood flow solely can lead to CHD. We emphasize studies performed using avian models of heart development, because those models allow for hemodynamic interventions, in vivo imaging, and follow up, while they closely recapitulate heart defects observed in humans. We conclude with recommendations on investigations that must be performed to bridge the gaps in understanding how blood flow alone, or together with other factors, contributes to CHD. MDPI 2022-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9503889/ /pubmed/36135448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9090303 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Trinidad, Fernando Rubonal, Floyd Rodriguez de Castro, Ignacio Pirzadeh, Ida Gerrah, Rabin Kheradvar, Arash Rugonyi, Sandra Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects |
title | Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects |
title_full | Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects |
title_fullStr | Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects |
title_short | Effect of Blood Flow on Cardiac Morphogenesis and Formation of Congenital Heart Defects |
title_sort | effect of blood flow on cardiac morphogenesis and formation of congenital heart defects |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9503889/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9090303 |
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