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Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a potential sight-threatening disease. Although it is associated with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), visual loss is not common in PMR. A retinal oximeter can be used to conduct a direct, non-invasive, in vivo assessment of the vascular system. In a cross-sectional study,...

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Autores principales: Lowater, Simon J., Ellingsen, Torkell J., Pedersen, Jens K., Wied, Jimmi, Grauslund, Jakob, Byg, Keld-Erik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504005/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36144276
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090872
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author Lowater, Simon J.
Ellingsen, Torkell J.
Pedersen, Jens K.
Wied, Jimmi
Grauslund, Jakob
Byg, Keld-Erik
author_facet Lowater, Simon J.
Ellingsen, Torkell J.
Pedersen, Jens K.
Wied, Jimmi
Grauslund, Jakob
Byg, Keld-Erik
author_sort Lowater, Simon J.
collection PubMed
description Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a potential sight-threatening disease. Although it is associated with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), visual loss is not common in PMR. A retinal oximeter can be used to conduct a direct, non-invasive, in vivo assessment of the vascular system. In a cross-sectional study, we measured the retinal oxygen saturation and retinal vessel calibers in GCA patients, PMR patients, and control participants. Twenty GCA patients (38 eyes), 19 PMR patients (33 eyes), and 12 controls (20 eyes) were investigated. Images were analyzed using Oxymap Analyzer software 2.5.0 (Oxymap ehf., Reykjavik, Iceland). Groups were compared using an age- and sex-adjusted linear mixed model regression. The median (IQR) age for GCA patients was 69.0 (66.5–76.5) years, for PMR 69.0 (67.0–72.0) years, and for the controls 75.5 (71.5–81.0) years, respectively. As compared to the controls (115.3 µm), the retinal arterioles were significantly wider in patients with GCA (124.4 µm; p = 0.023) and PMR (124.8 µm; p = 0.049). No difference was found in the retinal venular caliber or vascular oxygen saturation. These results indicate that GCA and PMR patients differ similarly in the retinal arteriolar diameter compared to controls. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the underlying inflammatory mechanisms in retinal arteriolar vessels and if these parameters can be used to predict clinical outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-95040052022-09-24 Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study Lowater, Simon J. Ellingsen, Torkell J. Pedersen, Jens K. Wied, Jimmi Grauslund, Jakob Byg, Keld-Erik Metabolites Article Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a potential sight-threatening disease. Although it is associated with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), visual loss is not common in PMR. A retinal oximeter can be used to conduct a direct, non-invasive, in vivo assessment of the vascular system. In a cross-sectional study, we measured the retinal oxygen saturation and retinal vessel calibers in GCA patients, PMR patients, and control participants. Twenty GCA patients (38 eyes), 19 PMR patients (33 eyes), and 12 controls (20 eyes) were investigated. Images were analyzed using Oxymap Analyzer software 2.5.0 (Oxymap ehf., Reykjavik, Iceland). Groups were compared using an age- and sex-adjusted linear mixed model regression. The median (IQR) age for GCA patients was 69.0 (66.5–76.5) years, for PMR 69.0 (67.0–72.0) years, and for the controls 75.5 (71.5–81.0) years, respectively. As compared to the controls (115.3 µm), the retinal arterioles were significantly wider in patients with GCA (124.4 µm; p = 0.023) and PMR (124.8 µm; p = 0.049). No difference was found in the retinal venular caliber or vascular oxygen saturation. These results indicate that GCA and PMR patients differ similarly in the retinal arteriolar diameter compared to controls. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the underlying inflammatory mechanisms in retinal arteriolar vessels and if these parameters can be used to predict clinical outcomes. MDPI 2022-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9504005/ /pubmed/36144276 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090872 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lowater, Simon J.
Ellingsen, Torkell J.
Pedersen, Jens K.
Wied, Jimmi
Grauslund, Jakob
Byg, Keld-Erik
Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study
title Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Non-Invasive Metabolic and Structural Retinal Markers in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort non-invasive metabolic and structural retinal markers in patients with giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: a cross-sectional study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504005/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36144276
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090872
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