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Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid

Salicylic acid (SA) is a stress hormone synthesized in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and the branching acid pathway. SA has two interconvertible forms in plants: SAG (SA O-β-glucoside) and SA (free form). The molecular mechanism of conversion of SA to SAG had been reported previously. However, w...

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Autores principales: Xu, Peizhou, Wu, Tingkai, Ali, Asif, Wang, Jinhao, Fang, Yongqiong, Qiang, Runrun, Liu, Yutong, Tian, Yunfeng, Liu, Su, Zhang, Hongyu, Liao, Yongxiang, Chen, Xiaoqiong, Shoaib, Farwa, Sun, Changhui, Xu, Zhengjun, Xia, Duo, Zhou, Hao, Wu, Xianjun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504040/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36142555
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810646
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author Xu, Peizhou
Wu, Tingkai
Ali, Asif
Wang, Jinhao
Fang, Yongqiong
Qiang, Runrun
Liu, Yutong
Tian, Yunfeng
Liu, Su
Zhang, Hongyu
Liao, Yongxiang
Chen, Xiaoqiong
Shoaib, Farwa
Sun, Changhui
Xu, Zhengjun
Xia, Duo
Zhou, Hao
Wu, Xianjun
author_facet Xu, Peizhou
Wu, Tingkai
Ali, Asif
Wang, Jinhao
Fang, Yongqiong
Qiang, Runrun
Liu, Yutong
Tian, Yunfeng
Liu, Su
Zhang, Hongyu
Liao, Yongxiang
Chen, Xiaoqiong
Shoaib, Farwa
Sun, Changhui
Xu, Zhengjun
Xia, Duo
Zhou, Hao
Wu, Xianjun
author_sort Xu, Peizhou
collection PubMed
description Salicylic acid (SA) is a stress hormone synthesized in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and the branching acid pathway. SA has two interconvertible forms in plants: SAG (SA O-β-glucoside) and SA (free form). The molecular mechanism of conversion of SA to SAG had been reported previously. However, which genes regulate SAG to SA remained unknown. Here, we report a cytoplasmic β-glucosidase (β-Glu) which participates in the SA pathway and is involved in the brown hull pigmentation in rice grain. In the current study, an EMS-generated mutant brown hull 1 (bh1) displayed decreased contents of SA in hulls, a lower photosynthesis rate, and high-temperature sensitivity compared to the wild type (WT). A plaque-like phenotype (brown pigmentation) was present on the hulls of bh1, which causes a significant decrease in the seed setting rate. Genetic analysis revealed a mutation in LOC_Os01g67220, which encodes a cytoplasmic Os1βGlu4. The knock-out lines displayed the phenotype of brown pigmentation on hulls and decreased seed setting rate comparable with bh1. Overexpression and complementation lines of Os1βGlu4 restored the phenotype of hulls and normal seed setting rate comparable with WT. Subcellular localization revealed that the protein of Os1βGlu4 was localized in the cytoplasm. In contrast to WT, bh1 could not hydrolyze SAG into SA in vivo. Together, our results revealed the novel role of Os1βGlu4 in the accumulation of flavonoids in hulls by regulating the level of free SA in the cellular pool.
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spelling pubmed-95040402022-09-24 Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid Xu, Peizhou Wu, Tingkai Ali, Asif Wang, Jinhao Fang, Yongqiong Qiang, Runrun Liu, Yutong Tian, Yunfeng Liu, Su Zhang, Hongyu Liao, Yongxiang Chen, Xiaoqiong Shoaib, Farwa Sun, Changhui Xu, Zhengjun Xia, Duo Zhou, Hao Wu, Xianjun Int J Mol Sci Article Salicylic acid (SA) is a stress hormone synthesized in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and the branching acid pathway. SA has two interconvertible forms in plants: SAG (SA O-β-glucoside) and SA (free form). The molecular mechanism of conversion of SA to SAG had been reported previously. However, which genes regulate SAG to SA remained unknown. Here, we report a cytoplasmic β-glucosidase (β-Glu) which participates in the SA pathway and is involved in the brown hull pigmentation in rice grain. In the current study, an EMS-generated mutant brown hull 1 (bh1) displayed decreased contents of SA in hulls, a lower photosynthesis rate, and high-temperature sensitivity compared to the wild type (WT). A plaque-like phenotype (brown pigmentation) was present on the hulls of bh1, which causes a significant decrease in the seed setting rate. Genetic analysis revealed a mutation in LOC_Os01g67220, which encodes a cytoplasmic Os1βGlu4. The knock-out lines displayed the phenotype of brown pigmentation on hulls and decreased seed setting rate comparable with bh1. Overexpression and complementation lines of Os1βGlu4 restored the phenotype of hulls and normal seed setting rate comparable with WT. Subcellular localization revealed that the protein of Os1βGlu4 was localized in the cytoplasm. In contrast to WT, bh1 could not hydrolyze SAG into SA in vivo. Together, our results revealed the novel role of Os1βGlu4 in the accumulation of flavonoids in hulls by regulating the level of free SA in the cellular pool. MDPI 2022-09-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9504040/ /pubmed/36142555 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810646 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xu, Peizhou
Wu, Tingkai
Ali, Asif
Wang, Jinhao
Fang, Yongqiong
Qiang, Runrun
Liu, Yutong
Tian, Yunfeng
Liu, Su
Zhang, Hongyu
Liao, Yongxiang
Chen, Xiaoqiong
Shoaib, Farwa
Sun, Changhui
Xu, Zhengjun
Xia, Duo
Zhou, Hao
Wu, Xianjun
Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid
title Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid
title_full Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid
title_fullStr Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid
title_full_unstemmed Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid
title_short Rice β-Glucosidase 4 (Os1βGlu4) Regulates the Hull Pigmentation via Accumulation of Salicylic Acid
title_sort rice β-glucosidase 4 (os1βglu4) regulates the hull pigmentation via accumulation of salicylic acid
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504040/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36142555
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810646
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