Cargando…
Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients
Beyond their pulmonary disease, many COVID-19 patients experience a complex constellation of characteristics, including hyperinflammatory responses, autoimmune disorders, and coagulopathies. However, the pathogenesis of these aspects of COVID-19 is obscure. More than 90% of people are latently infec...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504756/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36146679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14091872 |
_version_ | 1784796297161605120 |
---|---|
author | Brooks, Bailey Tancredi, Christina Song, Yufeng Mogus, Alemu Tekewe Huang, Meei-Li W. Zhu, Haiying Phan, Tuan L. Zhu, Harrison Kadl, Alexandra Woodfolk, Judith Jerome, Keith R. Zeichner, Steven L. |
author_facet | Brooks, Bailey Tancredi, Christina Song, Yufeng Mogus, Alemu Tekewe Huang, Meei-Li W. Zhu, Haiying Phan, Tuan L. Zhu, Harrison Kadl, Alexandra Woodfolk, Judith Jerome, Keith R. Zeichner, Steven L. |
author_sort | Brooks, Bailey |
collection | PubMed |
description | Beyond their pulmonary disease, many COVID-19 patients experience a complex constellation of characteristics, including hyperinflammatory responses, autoimmune disorders, and coagulopathies. However, the pathogenesis of these aspects of COVID-19 is obscure. More than 90% of people are latently infected with the lymphotropic herpesviruses Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and/or Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6). Some of the inflammatory features of COVID-19 resemble clinical syndromes seen during EBV and HHV-6 infection, and these latent viruses can be reactivated by inflammatory mediators. We hypothesized that EBV and HHV-6 reactivation might be a common feature of early COVID-19, particularly in patients with more inflammation. We tested for EBV and HHV-6 reactivation in 67 patients acutely hospitalized with COVID-19 using previously validated quantitative PCR assays on the plasma. In our cohort, we found that 15/67 (22.4%) patients had detectable EBV and 3/67 (4.5%) had detectable HHV-6. This frequency of activation is somewhat more than the frequency reported for some healthy cohorts, such as blood donors and other healthy control cohorts. There was no association between EBV or HHV-6 and markers indicative of more inflammatory disease. We conclude that EBV and HHV-6 activation at about day 7 of hospitalization occurred in a modest fraction of our cohort of COVID-19 patients and was not associated with high levels of inflammation. In the modest fraction of patients, EBV and HHV-6 reactivation could contribute to some features of acute disease and pre-disposition to post-acute sequelae in a subset of patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9504756 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95047562022-09-24 Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients Brooks, Bailey Tancredi, Christina Song, Yufeng Mogus, Alemu Tekewe Huang, Meei-Li W. Zhu, Haiying Phan, Tuan L. Zhu, Harrison Kadl, Alexandra Woodfolk, Judith Jerome, Keith R. Zeichner, Steven L. Viruses Article Beyond their pulmonary disease, many COVID-19 patients experience a complex constellation of characteristics, including hyperinflammatory responses, autoimmune disorders, and coagulopathies. However, the pathogenesis of these aspects of COVID-19 is obscure. More than 90% of people are latently infected with the lymphotropic herpesviruses Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and/or Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6). Some of the inflammatory features of COVID-19 resemble clinical syndromes seen during EBV and HHV-6 infection, and these latent viruses can be reactivated by inflammatory mediators. We hypothesized that EBV and HHV-6 reactivation might be a common feature of early COVID-19, particularly in patients with more inflammation. We tested for EBV and HHV-6 reactivation in 67 patients acutely hospitalized with COVID-19 using previously validated quantitative PCR assays on the plasma. In our cohort, we found that 15/67 (22.4%) patients had detectable EBV and 3/67 (4.5%) had detectable HHV-6. This frequency of activation is somewhat more than the frequency reported for some healthy cohorts, such as blood donors and other healthy control cohorts. There was no association between EBV or HHV-6 and markers indicative of more inflammatory disease. We conclude that EBV and HHV-6 activation at about day 7 of hospitalization occurred in a modest fraction of our cohort of COVID-19 patients and was not associated with high levels of inflammation. In the modest fraction of patients, EBV and HHV-6 reactivation could contribute to some features of acute disease and pre-disposition to post-acute sequelae in a subset of patients. MDPI 2022-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9504756/ /pubmed/36146679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14091872 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Brooks, Bailey Tancredi, Christina Song, Yufeng Mogus, Alemu Tekewe Huang, Meei-Li W. Zhu, Haiying Phan, Tuan L. Zhu, Harrison Kadl, Alexandra Woodfolk, Judith Jerome, Keith R. Zeichner, Steven L. Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients |
title | Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients |
title_full | Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients |
title_fullStr | Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients |
title_short | Epstein–Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 Patients |
title_sort | epstein–barr virus and human herpesvirus-6 reactivation in acute covid-19 patients |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504756/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36146679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14091872 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT brooksbailey epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT tancredichristina epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT songyufeng epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT mogusalemutekewe epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT huangmeeiliw epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT zhuhaiying epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT phantuanl epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT zhuharrison epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT kadlalexandra epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT woodfolkjudith epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT jeromekeithr epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients AT zeichnerstevenl epsteinbarrvirusandhumanherpesvirus6reactivationinacutecovid19patients |