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Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular events and death. A reduction in salt intake is among the most cost-effective strategies to reduce blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing potassium lowers blood pressure and is associated with lower cardiovascular r...

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Autores principales: Zakauskiene, Urte, Macioniene, Ernesta, Zabuliene, Lina, Sukackiene, Diana, Linkeviciute-Dumce, Ausra, Banys, Valdas, Bratcikoviene, Nomeda, Karosiene, Dovile, Slekiene, Virginija, Kontrimas, Virginijus, Simanauskas, Kazys, Utkus, Algirdas, Brazdziunaite, Deimante, Migline, Vilma, Makarskiene, Indre, Zurlyte, Ingrida, Rakovac, Ivo, Breda, Joao, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Miglinas, Marius
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36145201
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14183817
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author Zakauskiene, Urte
Macioniene, Ernesta
Zabuliene, Lina
Sukackiene, Diana
Linkeviciute-Dumce, Ausra
Banys, Valdas
Bratcikoviene, Nomeda
Karosiene, Dovile
Slekiene, Virginija
Kontrimas, Virginijus
Simanauskas, Kazys
Utkus, Algirdas
Brazdziunaite, Deimante
Migline, Vilma
Makarskiene, Indre
Zurlyte, Ingrida
Rakovac, Ivo
Breda, Joao
Cappuccio, Francesco P.
Miglinas, Marius
author_facet Zakauskiene, Urte
Macioniene, Ernesta
Zabuliene, Lina
Sukackiene, Diana
Linkeviciute-Dumce, Ausra
Banys, Valdas
Bratcikoviene, Nomeda
Karosiene, Dovile
Slekiene, Virginija
Kontrimas, Virginijus
Simanauskas, Kazys
Utkus, Algirdas
Brazdziunaite, Deimante
Migline, Vilma
Makarskiene, Indre
Zurlyte, Ingrida
Rakovac, Ivo
Breda, Joao
Cappuccio, Francesco P.
Miglinas, Marius
author_sort Zakauskiene, Urte
collection PubMed
description Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular events and death. A reduction in salt intake is among the most cost-effective strategies to reduce blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing potassium lowers blood pressure and is associated with lower cardiovascular risk. Adequate iodine intake is important to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. Salt iodization is a key strategy to prevent such deficiency. In Lithuania, no surveys have been performed to directly assess sodium, potassium and iodine consumption. The aim of the present study was to measure sodium, potassium and iodine intake in a randomly selected adult Lithuanian adult population using 24 h urine collections, and to assess knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards salt consumption. Salt and potassium intakes were estimated in 888 randomly selected participants by 24 h urine sodium and potassium excretion and 679 individuals provided suitable 24 h urine samples for the analysis of iodine excretion. Average salt intake was 10.0 (SD 5.3) g/24 h and average potassium intake was 3.3 (SD 1.3) g/24 h. Only 12.5% of participants consumed less than 5 g/24 h of salt. The median value of urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 95.5 μg/L. Our study showed that average salt intake is twice as high as the maximum level recommended by the World Health Organization while potassium and iodine intakes in Lithuania are below the recommended levels.
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spelling pubmed-95049392022-09-24 Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania Zakauskiene, Urte Macioniene, Ernesta Zabuliene, Lina Sukackiene, Diana Linkeviciute-Dumce, Ausra Banys, Valdas Bratcikoviene, Nomeda Karosiene, Dovile Slekiene, Virginija Kontrimas, Virginijus Simanauskas, Kazys Utkus, Algirdas Brazdziunaite, Deimante Migline, Vilma Makarskiene, Indre Zurlyte, Ingrida Rakovac, Ivo Breda, Joao Cappuccio, Francesco P. Miglinas, Marius Nutrients Article Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular events and death. A reduction in salt intake is among the most cost-effective strategies to reduce blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing potassium lowers blood pressure and is associated with lower cardiovascular risk. Adequate iodine intake is important to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. Salt iodization is a key strategy to prevent such deficiency. In Lithuania, no surveys have been performed to directly assess sodium, potassium and iodine consumption. The aim of the present study was to measure sodium, potassium and iodine intake in a randomly selected adult Lithuanian adult population using 24 h urine collections, and to assess knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards salt consumption. Salt and potassium intakes were estimated in 888 randomly selected participants by 24 h urine sodium and potassium excretion and 679 individuals provided suitable 24 h urine samples for the analysis of iodine excretion. Average salt intake was 10.0 (SD 5.3) g/24 h and average potassium intake was 3.3 (SD 1.3) g/24 h. Only 12.5% of participants consumed less than 5 g/24 h of salt. The median value of urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 95.5 μg/L. Our study showed that average salt intake is twice as high as the maximum level recommended by the World Health Organization while potassium and iodine intakes in Lithuania are below the recommended levels. MDPI 2022-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9504939/ /pubmed/36145201 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14183817 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zakauskiene, Urte
Macioniene, Ernesta
Zabuliene, Lina
Sukackiene, Diana
Linkeviciute-Dumce, Ausra
Banys, Valdas
Bratcikoviene, Nomeda
Karosiene, Dovile
Slekiene, Virginija
Kontrimas, Virginijus
Simanauskas, Kazys
Utkus, Algirdas
Brazdziunaite, Deimante
Migline, Vilma
Makarskiene, Indre
Zurlyte, Ingrida
Rakovac, Ivo
Breda, Joao
Cappuccio, Francesco P.
Miglinas, Marius
Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania
title Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania
title_full Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania
title_fullStr Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania
title_full_unstemmed Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania
title_short Sodium, Potassium and Iodine Intake in an Adult Population of Lithuania
title_sort sodium, potassium and iodine intake in an adult population of lithuania
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36145201
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14183817
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