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Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy
It is important to characterize the proton transport mechanisms of proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is used to characterize the ionic structures of membranes. In this study, we attempted to quantitatively analyze the proton conductivity enhancement of Nafion-sul...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9505098/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36145859 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183718 |
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author | Kwon, Osung Park, JaeHyoung |
author_facet | Kwon, Osung Park, JaeHyoung |
author_sort | Kwon, Osung |
collection | PubMed |
description | It is important to characterize the proton transport mechanisms of proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is used to characterize the ionic structures of membranes. In this study, we attempted to quantitatively analyze the proton conductivity enhancement of Nafion-sulfonated silica (SSA) composite membranes with variations in the ionic channel distribution. This study involved several steps. The morphology and surface charge distribution of both membranes were measured using EFM. The measured data were analyzed using a numerical approximation model (NAM) that was capable of providing the magnitude and classification of the surface charges. There were several findings of ionic channel distribution variations in Nafion-SSA. First, the mean local ionic channel density of Nafion-SSA was twice as large as that of the pristine Nafion. The local ionic channel density was non-uniform and the distribution of the ionic channel density of Nafion-SSA was 23.5 times larger than that of pristine Nafion. Second, local agglomerations due to SSA were presumed by using the NAM, appearing in approximately 10% of the scanned area. These findings are meaningful in characterizing the proton conductivity of PEMs and imply that the NAM is a suitable tool for the quantitative assessment of PEMs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9505098 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95050982022-09-24 Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy Kwon, Osung Park, JaeHyoung Polymers (Basel) Article It is important to characterize the proton transport mechanisms of proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is used to characterize the ionic structures of membranes. In this study, we attempted to quantitatively analyze the proton conductivity enhancement of Nafion-sulfonated silica (SSA) composite membranes with variations in the ionic channel distribution. This study involved several steps. The morphology and surface charge distribution of both membranes were measured using EFM. The measured data were analyzed using a numerical approximation model (NAM) that was capable of providing the magnitude and classification of the surface charges. There were several findings of ionic channel distribution variations in Nafion-SSA. First, the mean local ionic channel density of Nafion-SSA was twice as large as that of the pristine Nafion. The local ionic channel density was non-uniform and the distribution of the ionic channel density of Nafion-SSA was 23.5 times larger than that of pristine Nafion. Second, local agglomerations due to SSA were presumed by using the NAM, appearing in approximately 10% of the scanned area. These findings are meaningful in characterizing the proton conductivity of PEMs and imply that the NAM is a suitable tool for the quantitative assessment of PEMs. MDPI 2022-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9505098/ /pubmed/36145859 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183718 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kwon, Osung Park, JaeHyoung Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy |
title | Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy |
title_full | Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy |
title_short | Analysis of Ionic Domain Evolution on a Nafion-Sulfonated Silica Composite Membrane Using a Numerical Approximation Model Based on Electrostatic Force Microscopy |
title_sort | analysis of ionic domain evolution on a nafion-sulfonated silica composite membrane using a numerical approximation model based on electrostatic force microscopy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9505098/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36145859 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183718 |
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