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Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica
Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a famous fruit species of tropical and subtropical regions of the world and many biotic and abiotic stresses affect its yield. In this study, lychee fruit rot has been observed and its incidence has been controlled by using zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Disea...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9505749/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36144084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091461 |
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author | Ahmed, Junaid Ali, Musrat Sheikh, Huda M. Al-Kattan, Manal O. Farhana, Haroon, Urooj Safaeishakib, Masoumeh Akbar, Mahnoor Kamal, Asif Zubair, Mohammad Sameer Munis, Muhammad Farooq Hussain |
author_facet | Ahmed, Junaid Ali, Musrat Sheikh, Huda M. Al-Kattan, Manal O. Farhana, Haroon, Urooj Safaeishakib, Masoumeh Akbar, Mahnoor Kamal, Asif Zubair, Mohammad Sameer Munis, Muhammad Farooq Hussain |
author_sort | Ahmed, Junaid |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a famous fruit species of tropical and subtropical regions of the world and many biotic and abiotic stresses affect its yield. In this study, lychee fruit rot has been observed and its incidence has been controlled by using zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Diseased lychee fruits were collected and diagnosed to identify disease-causing pathogens. Morphological appearance, microscopic observation, and sequence analysis of the amplified ITS region identified this isolated pathogen as Aspergillus niger. To control this problem, ZnO NPs were prepared in the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica. Before their antifungal activity, ZnO NPs were characterized using sophisticated approaches. FTIR revealed the presence of reducing and stabilizing molecules on ZnO NPs including alcohol, carboxylic acid, alkyl halide, amine, and alkyl halide. Crystalline nature and average size (29.024 nm) of synthesized ZnO NPs were described by X-ray diffraction. EDX analysis depicted the mass percentage of zinc (30.15%) and oxygen (14.90%). SEM analysis displayed the irregular shape of nanoparticles and confirmed the nano-size of ZnO NPs. Maximum mycelial growth inhibition (70.5%) was observed at 1.0 mg/mL concentration of ZnO NPs in vitro. In in-vivo disease-control analysis, maximum control of lychee fruit rot disease was observed at the same concentration. These results reveal the potential use of these ZnO NPs on a larger scale to replace hazardous chemical fungicides. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9505749 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95057492022-09-24 Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica Ahmed, Junaid Ali, Musrat Sheikh, Huda M. Al-Kattan, Manal O. Farhana, Haroon, Urooj Safaeishakib, Masoumeh Akbar, Mahnoor Kamal, Asif Zubair, Mohammad Sameer Munis, Muhammad Farooq Hussain Micromachines (Basel) Article Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a famous fruit species of tropical and subtropical regions of the world and many biotic and abiotic stresses affect its yield. In this study, lychee fruit rot has been observed and its incidence has been controlled by using zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Diseased lychee fruits were collected and diagnosed to identify disease-causing pathogens. Morphological appearance, microscopic observation, and sequence analysis of the amplified ITS region identified this isolated pathogen as Aspergillus niger. To control this problem, ZnO NPs were prepared in the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica. Before their antifungal activity, ZnO NPs were characterized using sophisticated approaches. FTIR revealed the presence of reducing and stabilizing molecules on ZnO NPs including alcohol, carboxylic acid, alkyl halide, amine, and alkyl halide. Crystalline nature and average size (29.024 nm) of synthesized ZnO NPs were described by X-ray diffraction. EDX analysis depicted the mass percentage of zinc (30.15%) and oxygen (14.90%). SEM analysis displayed the irregular shape of nanoparticles and confirmed the nano-size of ZnO NPs. Maximum mycelial growth inhibition (70.5%) was observed at 1.0 mg/mL concentration of ZnO NPs in vitro. In in-vivo disease-control analysis, maximum control of lychee fruit rot disease was observed at the same concentration. These results reveal the potential use of these ZnO NPs on a larger scale to replace hazardous chemical fungicides. MDPI 2022-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9505749/ /pubmed/36144084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091461 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ahmed, Junaid Ali, Musrat Sheikh, Huda M. Al-Kattan, Manal O. Farhana, Haroon, Urooj Safaeishakib, Masoumeh Akbar, Mahnoor Kamal, Asif Zubair, Mohammad Sameer Munis, Muhammad Farooq Hussain Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica |
title | Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica |
title_full | Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica |
title_fullStr | Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica |
title_full_unstemmed | Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica |
title_short | Biocontrol of Fruit Rot of Litchi chinensis Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Azadirachta indica |
title_sort | biocontrol of fruit rot of litchi chinensis using zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized in azadirachta indica |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9505749/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36144084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091461 |
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