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Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study

Background: The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with the response to immunotherapy for different cancers. However, the majority of previous studies have focused on a single cancer and a single immune checkpoint inhibitor. Here, we investigated the relationship between the gut microbi...

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Autores principales: Cheng, Xi, Wang, Jiawei, Gong, Liu, Dong, Yong, Shou, Jiawei, Pan, Hongming, Yu, Zhaonan, Fang, Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9506258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36143126
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185479
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author Cheng, Xi
Wang, Jiawei
Gong, Liu
Dong, Yong
Shou, Jiawei
Pan, Hongming
Yu, Zhaonan
Fang, Yong
author_facet Cheng, Xi
Wang, Jiawei
Gong, Liu
Dong, Yong
Shou, Jiawei
Pan, Hongming
Yu, Zhaonan
Fang, Yong
author_sort Cheng, Xi
collection PubMed
description Background: The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with the response to immunotherapy for different cancers. However, the majority of previous studies have focused on a single cancer and a single immune checkpoint inhibitor. Here, we investigated the relationship between the gut microbiota and the clinical response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in patients with advanced cancers. Method: In this comprehensive study, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on the gut microbiota of pre-immunotherapy and post-immunotherapy, of 72 advanced cancer patients in China. Results: At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the main components of the microbiota in the 72 advanced cancer patients. At the genus level, Bacteroides and Prevotella were the dominant microbiota among these 72 patients. The PD_whole_tree, Chao1, Observed_species and Shannon indices of R.0 and R.T were higher than those of NR.0 and NR.T. The results of LEfSe showed that Archaea, Lentisphaerae, Victivallaceae, Victivallales, Lentisphaeria, Methanobacteriaceae, Methanobacteria, Euryarchaeota, Methanobrevibacter, and Methanobacteriales were significantly enriched in the response group before immunotherapy (R.0), and the Clostridiaceae was significantly enriched in the non-response group before immunotherapy (NR.0) (p < 0.05). Lachnospiraceae and Thermus were significantly enriched in the response group after immunotherapy (R.T), and Leuconostoc was significantly enriched in R.0 (p < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the microbiota of R.T (AUC = 0.70) had obvious diagnostic value in differentiating Chinese cancer patients based on their response to immunotherapy. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the gut microbiota was associated with the clinical response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in cancer patients. Taxonomic signatures enriched in responders were effective biomarkers to predict the clinical response. Our findings provide a new strategy to improve the efficiency of responses to immunotherapy among cancer patients.
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spelling pubmed-95062582022-09-24 Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study Cheng, Xi Wang, Jiawei Gong, Liu Dong, Yong Shou, Jiawei Pan, Hongming Yu, Zhaonan Fang, Yong J Clin Med Article Background: The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with the response to immunotherapy for different cancers. However, the majority of previous studies have focused on a single cancer and a single immune checkpoint inhibitor. Here, we investigated the relationship between the gut microbiota and the clinical response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in patients with advanced cancers. Method: In this comprehensive study, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on the gut microbiota of pre-immunotherapy and post-immunotherapy, of 72 advanced cancer patients in China. Results: At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the main components of the microbiota in the 72 advanced cancer patients. At the genus level, Bacteroides and Prevotella were the dominant microbiota among these 72 patients. The PD_whole_tree, Chao1, Observed_species and Shannon indices of R.0 and R.T were higher than those of NR.0 and NR.T. The results of LEfSe showed that Archaea, Lentisphaerae, Victivallaceae, Victivallales, Lentisphaeria, Methanobacteriaceae, Methanobacteria, Euryarchaeota, Methanobrevibacter, and Methanobacteriales were significantly enriched in the response group before immunotherapy (R.0), and the Clostridiaceae was significantly enriched in the non-response group before immunotherapy (NR.0) (p < 0.05). Lachnospiraceae and Thermus were significantly enriched in the response group after immunotherapy (R.T), and Leuconostoc was significantly enriched in R.0 (p < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the microbiota of R.T (AUC = 0.70) had obvious diagnostic value in differentiating Chinese cancer patients based on their response to immunotherapy. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the gut microbiota was associated with the clinical response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in cancer patients. Taxonomic signatures enriched in responders were effective biomarkers to predict the clinical response. Our findings provide a new strategy to improve the efficiency of responses to immunotherapy among cancer patients. MDPI 2022-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9506258/ /pubmed/36143126 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185479 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cheng, Xi
Wang, Jiawei
Gong, Liu
Dong, Yong
Shou, Jiawei
Pan, Hongming
Yu, Zhaonan
Fang, Yong
Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study
title Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study
title_full Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study
title_fullStr Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study
title_short Composition of the Gut Microbiota Associated with the Response to Immunotherapy in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Chinese Real-World Pilot Study
title_sort composition of the gut microbiota associated with the response to immunotherapy in advanced cancer patients: a chinese real-world pilot study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9506258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36143126
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185479
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