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Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas

BACKGROUND: Cambium in lianas, responsible for secondary growth, develop diverse and diagnostic traits during the climbing phase. Studies on the cross-section of Taiwanese liana cambial variants are scarce. We collected multiple stem cross-sections from 287 liana species belonging to 52 families. Ea...

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Autores principales: Yang, Sheng-Zehn, Chen, Po-Hao, Chen, Jian-Jhong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Nature Singapore 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9509506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36153445
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
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author Yang, Sheng-Zehn
Chen, Po-Hao
Chen, Jian-Jhong
author_facet Yang, Sheng-Zehn
Chen, Po-Hao
Chen, Jian-Jhong
author_sort Yang, Sheng-Zehn
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cambium in lianas, responsible for secondary growth, develop diverse and diagnostic traits during the climbing phase. Studies on the cross-section of Taiwanese liana cambial variants are scarce. We collected multiple stem cross-sections from 287 liana species belonging to 52 families. Each sample was examined on five occasions, and the observations were documented. RESULTS: The results showed that approximately 22 cambial variants types were displayed in Taiwan lianas. Among these, axial vascular elements in radial segments were the most common, followed by the variants with the irregular conformation and intraxylary phloem. Based on our assessment, we provide the following identification features of a few families: Apocynaceae had intraxylary phloem; Convolvulaceae had intraxylary phloem combined with successive cambia; Lardizabalaceae, Menispermaceae, and Ranunculaceae possessed axial vascular elements in segments; Piperaceae had external primary vascular bundle cylinder combined with axial vascular elements in segments; Vitaceae had axial vascular elements in segments combined with irregular conformation. Axial vascular elements in segments and intraxylary phloem appeared in six or five combination types, showing that these two types combined with many variants are helpful for the identification of lianas. Two species, Momordica charantia var. abbreviata, and Momordica cochinchinensis had a cambium element in the outer cylinder of cortical bicollateral vascular bundles and formed directional layers of successive cambia. CONCLUSIONS: Our study documented regular secondary growth with a single cambium in 36 species and cambial variants present in 16 species of Taiwanese lianas. Furthermore, we provide crucial baseline data on liana cambial variations, thereby improving our understanding of their morphology and identification.
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spelling pubmed-95095062022-09-26 Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas Yang, Sheng-Zehn Chen, Po-Hao Chen, Jian-Jhong Bot Stud Original Article BACKGROUND: Cambium in lianas, responsible for secondary growth, develop diverse and diagnostic traits during the climbing phase. Studies on the cross-section of Taiwanese liana cambial variants are scarce. We collected multiple stem cross-sections from 287 liana species belonging to 52 families. Each sample was examined on five occasions, and the observations were documented. RESULTS: The results showed that approximately 22 cambial variants types were displayed in Taiwan lianas. Among these, axial vascular elements in radial segments were the most common, followed by the variants with the irregular conformation and intraxylary phloem. Based on our assessment, we provide the following identification features of a few families: Apocynaceae had intraxylary phloem; Convolvulaceae had intraxylary phloem combined with successive cambia; Lardizabalaceae, Menispermaceae, and Ranunculaceae possessed axial vascular elements in segments; Piperaceae had external primary vascular bundle cylinder combined with axial vascular elements in segments; Vitaceae had axial vascular elements in segments combined with irregular conformation. Axial vascular elements in segments and intraxylary phloem appeared in six or five combination types, showing that these two types combined with many variants are helpful for the identification of lianas. Two species, Momordica charantia var. abbreviata, and Momordica cochinchinensis had a cambium element in the outer cylinder of cortical bicollateral vascular bundles and formed directional layers of successive cambia. CONCLUSIONS: Our study documented regular secondary growth with a single cambium in 36 species and cambial variants present in 16 species of Taiwanese lianas. Furthermore, we provide crucial baseline data on liana cambial variations, thereby improving our understanding of their morphology and identification. Springer Nature Singapore 2022-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9509506/ /pubmed/36153445 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Yang, Sheng-Zehn
Chen, Po-Hao
Chen, Jian-Jhong
Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas
title Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas
title_full Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas
title_fullStr Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas
title_full_unstemmed Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas
title_short Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas
title_sort stem cambial variants of taiwan lianas
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9509506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36153445
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
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AT chenjianjhong stemcambialvariantsoftaiwanlianas