Infektiologische Versorgung minderjähriger Flüchtlinge am Beispiel der Ukraine: Vorgehen in Deutschland gemäß der S1-Leitlinine (AWMF-Register Nr. 048-017)

BACKGROUND: By early June 2022, around 300,000 children and adolescents from Ukraine were registered in the German central registry for foreigners. The updated recommendations for action should provide the foundations for an evidence-based and targeted care for the diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases in underage refugees and asylum seekers, exemplified by Ukraine. OBJECTIVE: The recommendations for action are intended to support medical personnel in the care of minor refugees in order to 1) ensure early recognition and completion of an incomplete vaccination status, 2) diagnose and treat common infectious diseases, 3) ensure early recognition and treatment of infectious diseases that are rare in the German healthcare system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The recommendations for action were drafted as level 1 (S1) guidelines coordinated by the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) and were adapted to the situation of refugees from Ukraine. The recommendations were compiled by a representative expert panel appointed by the participating professional societies in an informal consensus and finally officially adopted by the board of directors of all societies concerned. RESULTS: Recommendations are given for the extent of the medical evaluation of minor refugees, including the medical history and physical examination, adapted to the situation of refugees from Ukraine. A blood count and screening for tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C as well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are recommended for all minor refugees. For a rapid completion of the vaccination status, an age-related and indications-related prioritization of individual vaccinations will be undertaken. CONCLUSION: In view of the continuing high numbers of refugees not only from Ukraine, a further professionalization of medical health care is necessary. For this purpose, the necessary structural and personnel framework conditions need to be accomplished.