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Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways

BACKGROUND: At the end of secondary education, young people can either start vocational training, enter university, directly transition to employment or become unemployed. Research assumes that post-secondary pathways have immediate and/or long-term impacts on health and well-being, but empirical in...

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Autores principales: Reuter, Marvin, Herke, Max, Richter, Matthias, Diehl, Katharina, Hoffmann, Stephanie, Pischke, Claudia R., Dragano, Nico
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9511745/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36163010
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14227-0
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author Reuter, Marvin
Herke, Max
Richter, Matthias
Diehl, Katharina
Hoffmann, Stephanie
Pischke, Claudia R.
Dragano, Nico
author_facet Reuter, Marvin
Herke, Max
Richter, Matthias
Diehl, Katharina
Hoffmann, Stephanie
Pischke, Claudia R.
Dragano, Nico
author_sort Reuter, Marvin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: At the end of secondary education, young people can either start vocational training, enter university, directly transition to employment or become unemployed. Research assumes that post-secondary pathways have immediate and/or long-term impacts on health and well-being, but empirical investigations on this are scarce and restricted to few countries. Therefore, this study traced the development of health and well-being throughout the highly institutionalised school-to-work transition (STWT) in Germany. METHODS: We used longitudinal data of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), a representative sample of 11,098 school-leavers (50.5% girls) repeatedly interviewed between 2011 and 2020. We estimated the effect of post-secondary transitions on self-rated health and subjective well-being by applying fixed-effects (FE) regression, eliminating bias resulting from time-constant confounding and self-selection into different pathways. A multiple-sample strategy was used to account for the increasing diversity of STWTs patterns. Models were controlled for age, as well as household and residential changes to minimise temporal heterogeneity. RESULTS: Findings indicate that leaving school was good for health and well-being. Compared with participants who did not find a training position after school, direct transitions to vocational training or university were linked to higher absolute levels of health and well-being, but also to a lower relative decline over time. Furthermore, upward transitions (e.g. to programs leading to better education or from unemployment to employment) were associated with improvements in health and well-being, while downward transitions were followed by deteriorations. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that school-leave is a sensitive period and that post-secondary pathways provide young people with different abilities to maintain health and well-being. Youth health interventions might benefit when setting a stronger focus on unsuccessful school-leavers. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14227-0.
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spelling pubmed-95117452022-09-27 Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways Reuter, Marvin Herke, Max Richter, Matthias Diehl, Katharina Hoffmann, Stephanie Pischke, Claudia R. Dragano, Nico BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: At the end of secondary education, young people can either start vocational training, enter university, directly transition to employment or become unemployed. Research assumes that post-secondary pathways have immediate and/or long-term impacts on health and well-being, but empirical investigations on this are scarce and restricted to few countries. Therefore, this study traced the development of health and well-being throughout the highly institutionalised school-to-work transition (STWT) in Germany. METHODS: We used longitudinal data of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), a representative sample of 11,098 school-leavers (50.5% girls) repeatedly interviewed between 2011 and 2020. We estimated the effect of post-secondary transitions on self-rated health and subjective well-being by applying fixed-effects (FE) regression, eliminating bias resulting from time-constant confounding and self-selection into different pathways. A multiple-sample strategy was used to account for the increasing diversity of STWTs patterns. Models were controlled for age, as well as household and residential changes to minimise temporal heterogeneity. RESULTS: Findings indicate that leaving school was good for health and well-being. Compared with participants who did not find a training position after school, direct transitions to vocational training or university were linked to higher absolute levels of health and well-being, but also to a lower relative decline over time. Furthermore, upward transitions (e.g. to programs leading to better education or from unemployment to employment) were associated with improvements in health and well-being, while downward transitions were followed by deteriorations. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that school-leave is a sensitive period and that post-secondary pathways provide young people with different abilities to maintain health and well-being. Youth health interventions might benefit when setting a stronger focus on unsuccessful school-leavers. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14227-0. BioMed Central 2022-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9511745/ /pubmed/36163010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14227-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Reuter, Marvin
Herke, Max
Richter, Matthias
Diehl, Katharina
Hoffmann, Stephanie
Pischke, Claudia R.
Dragano, Nico
Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
title Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
title_full Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
title_fullStr Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
title_full_unstemmed Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
title_short Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
title_sort young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9511745/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36163010
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14227-0
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